Table 1.

The association between fracture and mental health and lifestyle survey items

Factor	Classification	All participants (n = 17,474)		Nonfracture group (n = 15,377)		Fracture group (n = 2,097)		P value
		Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
Age	Years	74.3	6.5	74.2	6.5	75.5	6.7
Follow–up period	Person–years	3.7	1.5	3.9	1.4	2.0	1.4
		n	%	n	%	n	%
Sex	Men	8,336	47.7	7,550	49.1	786	37.5	< 0.001
	Women	9,138	52.3	7,827	50.9	1,311	62.5
PTSD symptoms	No	11,688	74.5	10,451	75.3	1,237	67.9	< 0.001
	Yes	4,009	25.5	3,423	24.7	586	32.1
Experience of evacuation	No	9,382	54.0	8,298	54.0	1,084	51.7	0.228
	Yes	8,092	46.0	7,079	46.0	1,013	48.3
Experience of earthquake	No	1,238	7.1	1,072	7.0	166	7.9	0.017
	Yes	16,236	92.9	14,305	93.0	1,931	92.1
Experience of tsunami	No	13,452	77.0	11,821	76.9	1,631	77.8	0.309
	Yes	4,022	23.0	3,556	23.1	466	22.2
Experience of nuclear accident (explosion heard)	No	6,941	39.7	6,088	39.6	853	40.7	0.169
	Yes	10,533	60.3	9,289	60.4	1,44	59.3
History of mental illness	No	16,066	94.8	14,170	95.0	1,896	93.4	< 0.001
	Yes	875	5.2	741	5.0	134	6.6
Need for assistance	No	15,541	91.3	13,745	91.7	1,796	88.2	< 0.001
	Yes	1,489	8.7	1,249	8.3	240	11.8
History of cancer	No	15,243	91.8	13,450	92.1	1,793	90.0	< 0.001
	Yes	1,356	8.2	1,156	7.9	200	10.0
History of stroke	No	15,055	89.9	13,287	90.3	1,768	87.4	< 0.001
	Yes	1,688	10.1	1,434	9.7	254	12.6
History of heart disease	No	13,613	81.0	12,068	81.7	1,545	76.6	< 0.001
	Yes	3,185	19.0	2,712	18.3	473	23.4
History of diabetes mellitus	No	10,969	65.9	9,695	66.2	1,274	63.4	0.004
	Yes	5,676	34.1	4,942	33.8	734	36.6
History of dyslipidemia	No	8,316	49.6	7,336	49.7	980	48.6	0.723
	Yes	8,459	50.4	7,421	50.3	1,038	51.4
History of hepatic disorder	No	16,130	96.7	14,200	96.8	1,930	96.2	0.069
	Yes	545	3.3	469	3.2	76	3.8
History of hypertension	No	4,986	29.1	4,405	29.3	581	28.2	0.182
	Yes	12,123	70.9	10,644	70.7	1,479	71.8
History of thyroid disease	No	16,611	97.1	14,632	97.1	1,979	96.8	0.333
	Yes	497	2.9	431	2.9	66	3.2
Smoking habit	Never smoked	10,187	61.3	8,866	60.5	1,321	67.3	< 0.001
	Former smoker	4,782	28.8	4,317	29.5	465	23.7
	Current smoker	1,644	9.9	1,468	10.0	176	9.0
Drinking habit	Never drinks or rarely drinks (less than once a month)	9,307	55.2	8,121	54.6	1,186	59.3	< 0.001
	Former drinker	958	5.7	847	5.7	111	5.6
	Current drinker (more than once a month)	6,596	39.1	5,893	39.7	703	35.2
Level of sleep satisfaction	Satisfied with sleep	5,309	41.9	4,738	42.6	571	36.9	< 0.001
	Slightly unsatisfied with sleep	5,122	40.4	4,488	40.4	634	41.0
	Quite unsatisfied with sleep	1,650	13.0	1,408	12.7	242	15.6
	Very dissatisfied with sleep or does not sleep at all	583	4.6	483	4.3	100	6.5
Exercise habit	Almost daily	4,303	25.9	3,829	26.2	474	23.9	0.003
	2 to 4 times a week	5,231	31.5	4,620	31.6	611	30.8
	Approximately once a week	2,505	15.1	2,193	15.0	312	15.7
	Almost never	4,586	27.6	4,000	27.3	586	29.6
Job change	No	8,242	54.5	7,297	54.6	945	53.7	0.884
	Yes	6,874	45.5	6,058	45.4	816	46.3
Loss of job	No	15,132	86.6	13,307	86.5	1,825	87.0	0.145
	Yes	2,342	13.4	2,070	13.5	272	13.0
Residential changes	No	10,355	62.1	9,135	62.2	1,220	61.4	0.738
	Yes	6,324	37.9	5,557	37.8	767	38.6

Data are presented as a number with a percentage or a mean with standard deviation

The interval scale between the bone fracture and no bone fracture group groups was tested using the log–rank test

SD standard deviation, PTSD post–traumatic stress disorder

p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant