Table 1.
Differences in variables between participants with sleep bruxism and controls
| Variable | Total n = 100 | Participants with sleep bruxism (n = 50) | Healthy controls (n = 50) | P-valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (Years) | 35 (25–45.75) | 35.0 (25.0–45.50) | 35.50 (25.75–46.25) | 0.96 |
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 32 (32) | 16 (32) | 16 (32) | 1.00 |
| Female | 68 (68) | 34 (68) | 34 (68) | |
| Marital status | ||||
| Single | 46 (46) | 23 (46) | 23 (46) | 1.00 |
| Married | 54 (54) | 27 (54) | 27 (54) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.37 (22.28–28.33) | 24.97 (22.45–27.85) | 26.15 (21.11–29.01) | 0.94 |
| General health status | ||||
| Excellent | 27 (27) | 13 (26) | 14 (28) | 0.15 |
| Very good | 51 (51) | 22 (44) | 29 (58) | |
| Good | 22 (22) | 15 (30) | 7 (14) | |
| Regular exercise | ||||
| Yes | 67 (67) | 37 (74) | 30 (60) | 0.20 |
| No | 33 (33) | 13 (26) | 20 (40) | |
| Self-reported frequent headache | ||||
| Yes | 54 (54) | 38 (76) | 16 (32) | < 0.001 |
| No | 46 (46) | 12 (24) | 34 (68) | |
| HADS-anxiety score (0–21) | 6 (3–10) | 7 (5–11) | 5 (2–7) | < 0.001 |
| Normal (0–7) | 70 (70) | 27 (54) | 43 (86) | < 0.01 |
| Borderline (8–10) | 11 (11) | 9 (18) | 2 (4) | |
| Abnormal (11–21) | 19 (19) | 14 (28) | 5 (10) | |
| HADS-depression score (0–21) | 6 (3–9) | 8 (4–11) | 5 (2–7) | < 0.001 |
| Normal (0–7) | 65 (65) | 24 (48) | 41 (82) | < 0.01 |
| Borderline (8–10) | 20 (20) | 13 (26) | 7 (14) | |
| Abnormal (11–21) | 15 (15) | 13 (26) | 2 (4) | |
| Dietary calcium intake (mg/day) | 457.49 (303.10–716.95) | 464.50 (322.0–620.75) | 400.02 (286.29–752.42) | 0.96 |
| < 323 mg/day | 33 (33) | 13 (26) | 20 (40) | 0.01 |
| 324–600 mg/day | 33 (33) | 24 (48) | 9 (18) | |
| > 600 mg/day | 34 (34) | 13 (26) | 21 (42) | |
| Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D ng/mL | 21 (13–32) | 17.5 (11–25.25) | 29 (15.75–36.25) | < 0.01 |
| Sufficient (≥ 30 ng/mL) | 32 (32) | 9 (18) | 23 (46) | 0.01 |
| Insufficient (20–30 ng/mL) | 21 (21) | 11 (22) | 10 (20) | |
| Deficient (< 20 ng/mL) | 47 (47) | 30 (60) | 17 (34) | |
aMann-Whitney U test, Chi-square test as appropriate (p values were considered significant at < 0.05 are shown in bold). HADS Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, BMI Body Mass Index