Table 2.

Inclusion criteria

PICOS criterion	Description
Population	Healthcare workers, including managers and those in training.
Intervention	A social norms intervention in a (non-simulated) healthcare setting that seeks to change the clinical behaviour of target population by exposing them to the values, beliefs, attitudes, or behaviours of a reference group or person.
Comparison/control	No restrictions on the comparators.
Outcomes	Primary outcome of interest was compliance with the desired clinical behaviour. Secondary outcomes were patient health-related outcomes.
Study design	Randomised controlled trials published in peer-reviewed journals, in English Language. Grey literature was not eligible for inclusion.