Table 2.
Twenty‐One Proteins Prognostic of Cardiovascular Risk in Patients With CKD
| Protein | UniProt ID | Molecular Weight (kDa) | HR | P value | Spearman ρ | P value ρ | Biological Function |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A | P19438 | 50.5 | 1.31 | 1.63×10−05 | −0.65 | 8.84×10−112 |
Soluble form of TNF‐alpha receptor. Antagonizes activity of TNF‐alpha |
| Beta‐2‐microglobulin | P61769 | 14 | 1.34 | 1.10×10−05 | −0.63 | 2.33×10−100 |
Part of major histocompatibility complex. Involved in inflammatory response |
| Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 27 | Q9HAV5 | 32.8 | 1.32 | 4.44×10−06 | −0.53 | 9.33×10−66 | Involved in ectodermal and epidermal development |
| Metalloproteinase inhibitor 1 | P01033 | 23 | 1.51 | 7.23×10−08 | −0.43 | 1.32×10−42 | Extracellular matrix remodeling and turnover. |
| Hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2 | Q8TDQ0 | 33.4 | 1.39 | 4.05×10−05 | −0.41 | 3.04×10−37 | Co‐inhibitory molecule that regulates T‐cell activation or tolerance |
| Platelet‐activating factor acetylhydrolase IB subunit beta | P68402 | 30 | 1.36 | 7.98×10−07 | −0.38 | 1.91×10−32 |
Degrades platelet‐activating factor. Mediator of inflammation |
| Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9 | Q07011 | 27.9 | 1.35 | 1.47×10−05 | −0.33 | 1.57×10−23 | Co‐stimulator of T‐cells |
| Phosphatidylethanolamine‐binding protein 1 | P30086 | 21.1 | 1.33 | 4.55×10−05 | −0.28 | 7.64×10−17 | Tumor suppressor gene |
| Fibroblast growth factor 7 | P21781 | 36 | 1.39 | 1.84×10−06 | −0.25 | 4.18×10−14 |
Tissue repair. Tumor growth and survival |
| Troponin I, cardiac muscle | P19429 | 24.0 | 1.31 | 1.67×10−05 | −0.23 | 1.08×10−11 | Marker of myocardial damage |
| Tyrosine‐protein kinase, yes | P07947 | 60.8 | 1.39 | 1.25×10−05 | −0.21 | 8.46×10−10 |
Src family of oncogenes. Regulates cell growth and survival |
| Angiopoietin‐2 | O15123 | 56.9 | 1.66 | 5.62×10−12 | −0.14 | 2.85×10−05 | Modulates vascular development and remodeling during angiogenesis and inflammation |
| PSA:alpha‐1‐antichymotrypsin complex | P07288, P01011 | 76.4 | 1.42 | 5.12×10−06 | −0.13 | 0.00011 | Acute phase reactant protein. Expressed in several malignancies |
| Complement component C7 | P10643 | 110 | 1.57 | 1.79×10−09 | −0.12 | 0.00065 | Involved in innate immunity. |
| Ubiquitin+1, truncated mutation for UbB | P62979 | 18 | 1.32 | 2.92×10−05 | −0.12 | 0.00048 |
Frameshift mutation of Ubiquitin. Associated with neurodegenerative disorders |
| Interleukin‐8 | P10145 | 11.1 | 1.3 | 2.12×10−05 | 0.03 | 0.36 | Chemoattractant that promotes activation of monocytes and neutrophils |
| Cadherin‐3 | P22223 | 91.4 | 0.71 | 3.37×10−06 | 0.26 | 1.60×10−14 |
Calcium‐dependent cell adhesion molecule. Tumor suppressor role |
| Growth hormone receptor | P10912 | 71.5 | 0.69 | 6.45×10−07 | 0.26 | 3.70×10−15 | Activates JAK‐STAT signaling pathways that alter calcium signaling in contractile and cytoskeletal proteins. |
| Proto‐oncogene tyrosine‐protein kinase receptor Ret | P07949 | 124.3 | 0.7 | 2.65×10−05 | 0.31 | 3.04×10−21 | Gain of function mutation results in cancer syndromes |
| Dual 3’,5’‐cyclic‐AMP and ‐GMP phosphodiesterase 11A | Q9HCR9 | 104.8 | 0.71 | 2.98×10−05 | 0.37 | 3.29×10−30 |
Binds cAMP and cGMP. Similar to PDE‐5 |
| Epidermal growth factor receptor | P00533 | 134.3 | 0.71 | 1.41×10−05 | 0.44 | 5.89×10−45 | Regulates epithelial tissue development and homeostasis |
Proteins unique to patients with chronic kidney disease are shown in gray color. CKD indicates chronic kidney disease; HR, hazard ratio; and TNF, tumor necrosis factor.