Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics According to the Tertiles of Population Density
| Population Density | Overall |
Low <951.7 People/km2 |
Medium 951.7–4729.7 People/km2 |
High ≥4729.7 People/km2 |
P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of patients | 209 521 | 69 797 | 69 750 | 69 974 | |
| Age, y* | 68.6 ± 13.0 | 69.1 ± 12.9 | 68.7 ± 12.9 | 68.0 ± 13.1 | <0.001 |
| Male, n (%)* | 158 866 (76.1 | 52 462 (75.6) | 52 789 (76.0) | 53 615 (76.6) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension, n (%)* | 138 637 (71.2%) | 46 863 (72.2) | 46 085 (70.9) | 45 689 (70.4) | <0.001 |
| Hyperlipidemia, n (%)* | 117 332 (60.2) | 38 315 (59.0) | 39 150 (60.2) | 39 867 (61.4) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%)* | 72 587 (37.3) | 24 533 (37.8) | 24 288 (37.4) | 23 766 (36.6) | <0.001 |
| Smoker, n (%)* | 81 468 (41.8) | 26 702 (41.1) | 26 469 (40.7) | 28 297 (43.6) | <0.001 |
| Renal failure, n (%)* | 27 620 (14.2) | 8820 (13.6) | 9517 (14.6) | 9283 (14.3) | <0.001 |
| Dialysis, n (%)* | 4532 (2.33) | 1341 (2.07) | 1596 (2.45) | 1595 (2.46) | <0.001 |
| Prior percutaneous coronary intervention, n (%)* | 33 741 (16.2) | 11 055 (15.9) | 11 108 (16.0) | 11 578 (16.6) | <0.001 |
| Prior coronary artery bypass grafting, n (%)* | 2131 (1.02) | 612 (0.882) | 737 (1.06) | 782 (1.12) | <0.001 |
| Prior heart failure, n (%)* | 12 183 (5.92%) | 4100 (6.00) | 4436 (6.47) | 3647 (5.30) | <0.001 |
| Prior myocardial infarction, n (%)* | 25 624 (12.4) | 8452 (12.2) | 8368 (12.1) | 8804 (12.7) | 0.002 |
| Cardiopulmonary arrest, n (%)* | 12 704 (6.12) | 3661 (5.30) | 4172 (6.03) | 4871 (7.01) | <0.001 |
| Cardiogenic shock, n (%)* | 24 887 (12.0) | 7974 (11.6) | 8068 (11.7) | 8845 (12.7) | <0.001 |
| Access site, n (%) | |||||
| Femoral | 87 823 (41.9) | 29 476 (42.2) | 28 040 (40.2) | 30 307 (43.3) | <0.001 |
| Radial | 115 834 (55.3) | 38 230 (54.8) | 39 775 (57.0) | 37 829 (54.1) | |
| Others | 5863 (2.80) | 2091 (3.00) | 1935 (2.77) | 1837 (2.63) | |
| Target vessels, n (%) | |||||
| Single‐vessel disease | 122 850 (58.6) | 40 376 (57.8) | 41 209 (59.1) | 41 265 (59.0) | <0.001 |
| Double‐vessel disease | 52 126 (24.9) | 17 850 (25.6) | 16 969 (24.3) | 17 307 (24.7) | |
| Triple‐vessel disease | 26 833 (12.8) | 9184 (13.2) | 8790 (12.6) | 8859 (12.7) | |
| Left main disease | 7712 (3.68) | 2387 (3.42) | 2782 (3.99) | 2543 (3.63) | |
a
Included as explanatory variables in the multivariable models.