Table 2.
Demographic Characteristics of Participants in the UK Biobank
| No ACHD | ACHD | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N | 497 983 | 1020 | |
| Demographic factors | |||
| Age (y) at enrollment (median, [IQR]) | 58 [50, 63] | 57 [49, 63] | 0.032 |
| Male sex (%) | 226 574 (45.5) | 482 (47.3) | 0.274 |
| Year of birth (median [IQR]) | 1950 [1945, 1958] | 1951 [1945, 1959] | 0.064 |
| White ethnicity (%) | 468 429 (94.2) | 964 (94.5) | 0.755 |
| Townsend (median [IQR]) | −2.14 [−3.65, 0.54] | −1.89 [−3.40, 1.28] | <0.001 * |
| Smoking (%) | 0.840 | ||
| Current | 52 473 (10.6) | 102 (9.9) | |
| Previous | 171 277 (34.6) | 351 (34.7) | |
| Never | 271 321 (54.8) | 562 (55.3) | |
| Alcohol (%) | <0.001 * | ||
| Daily | 100 874 (20.3) | 190 (18.7) | |
| Weekly | 242 782 (48.9) | 444 (43.7) | |
| Seldom | 152 844 (30.8) | 382 (37.6) | |
| Obese (%) | 120 854 (24.4) | 254 (25.2) | 0.602 |
| Systolic blood pressure (median, IQR]) | 137 [125, 150] | 134 [121, 147] | <0.001 * |
| Diastolic blood pressure (median [IQR]) | 82 [76, 89] | 79 [72, 87] | <0.001 * |
| Family history of cognitive disorder (%) | 109 286 (22.6) | 237 (24.0) | 0.304 |
| Quality of life measures | |||
| Achieved college graduation (%) | 161 115 (32.6) | 308 (30.6) | 0.173 |
| Unemployed (%) | 28 857 (5.8) | 124 (12.2) | <0.001 * |
| Hours worked per week (median [IQR]) | 37 [28, 42] | 37 [25, 42] | 0.155 |
| Lives with a partner/spouse (%) | 359 958 (89.1) | 726 (88.4) | 0.555 |
| Comorbid illness | |||
| Dementia (%) | 139 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.973 |
| Parkinson (%) | 821 (0.2) | 1 (0.1) | 0.604 |
| Intellectual delay (%) | 24 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.985 |
| Mood disorder (%) | 34 202 (6.9) | 77 (7.7) | 0.330 |
| Seizure disorder (%) | 4354 (0.9) | 16 (1.6) | 0.019 |
| Ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke (%) | 8304 (1.7) | 89 (8.9) | <0.001 * |
| Coronary artery disease (%) | 24 047 (4.9) | 185 (18.7) | <0.001 * |
*
Indicates significance at P<0.001.