Table 3.
Neurocognitive Performance in ACHD and Non‐ACHD Participants
| n | Raw Mean (SD) | Least‐Squares Mean (95% CI) | Beta (95% CI)* | P Value* | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non‐ACHD/ACHD | Non‐ACHD | ACHD | Non‐ACHD | ACHD | |||
| Neurocognitive testing | |||||||
| Completed at enrollment | |||||||
| Reaction time, ms | 492 245/1007 |
559 (118) |
564 (123) |
558 (558, 559) |
561 (554, 568) |
3.0 (−3.9, 10.0) | 0.393 |
| Fluid Intelligence, n correct | 164 041/305 |
6.0 (2.1) |
5.7 (2.1) |
6.0 (6.0, 6.0) |
5.9 (5.6, 6.1) |
‐0.2 (−0.4, 0.1) | 0.233 |
| Numeric memory, n digits remembered | 51 324/93 |
6.5 (1.8) |
6.1 (1.9) |
6.5 (6.5, 6.5) |
6.2 (5.9, 6.6) |
‐0.3 (−0.6, 0.1) | 0.228 |
| Completed at follow‐up | |||||||
| SymbolDigit Substitution, n correct | 116 903/202 |
19.8 (5.1) |
19.1 (5.4) |
19.8 (19.7, 19.8) |
18.9 (18.3, 19.5) |
‐0.9 (−1.5, −0.22)† | 0.021† |
| TMT‐A, seconds | 103 270/188 |
39.17 (14.99) |
41.23 (18.31) |
39.04 (38.95, 39.13) |
41.55 (39.49, 43.62) |
2.51 (0.45, 4.58) † |
0.034† |
| TMT‐B, seconds | 103 268/188 |
66.76 (25.73) |
73.35 (30.35) |
66.66 (66.50, 66.82) |
73.14 (69.67, 76.60) |
6.47 (3.01, 9.94)† | 0.002† |
| Trail Making Difference, seconds | 103 268/188 |
27.59 (20.49) |
31.12 (21.54) |
27.62 (27.49, 27.75) |
31.58 (28.72, 34.44) |
3.96 (1.10, 6.82)† | 0.021† |
ACHD indicates adult congenital heart disease; TMT‐A, Numeric Halstead‐Reitan Trail Making Test; and TMT‐B, Alphanumeric Halstead‐Reitan Trail Making Test.
Linear model included age at enrollment, sex, Townsend deprivation index, alcohol consumption, and blood pressure.
indicates significance at P<0.05. P values adjusted using Benjamini‐Hochberg correction with significance threshold of 0.05.