Table 2.
Distribution of CVD Risk Factors of the Study Population (n=27 188), According to Food Security Status
| CVD Risk Factors | High Food Security | Marginal Food Security | Low Food Security | Very Low Food Security | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline diabetes mellitus, % | 15.7 (0.4) | 21.8 (1.2) | 22.4 (1.0) | 25.6 (1.4) | <0.001 |
| Fasting glucosea (n=12 141), mg/dL | 107.7 (0.5) | 111.9 (1.6) | 114.5 (1.6) | 117.6 (2.6) | <0.001 |
| Baseline hypertension, % | 58.2 (0.6) | 61.1 (1.2) | 60.9 (1.4) | 57.2 (1.7) | 0.04 |
| SBP (n=24 867), mm Hg | 126.6 (0.2) | 127.9 (0.6) | 126.7 (0.7) | 126.8 (0.8) | 0.48 |
| DBP (n=24 707), mm Hg | 72.3 (0.2) | 73.1 (0.3) | 73.4 (0.4) | 73.9 (0.5) | <0.001 |
| Baseline hypercholesterolemia, % | 37.3 (0.5) | 36.1 (1.2) | 37.1 (1.6) | 35.8 (1.7) | 0.71 |
| TC (n=24 459), mg/dL | 203.7 (0.5) | 203.5 (1.2) | 205.8 (1.5) | 207.0 (2.0) | 0.08 |
| LDL‐Ca (n=11 482), mg/dL | 120.1 (0.5) | 119.1 (1.7) | 120.9 (1.7) | 127.0 (2.8) | 0.08 |
| HDL‐C (n=24 458), mg/dL | 54.0 (0.2) | 52.1 (0.5) | 51.5 (0.5) | 51.1 (0.6) | <0.001 |
| TGa (n=12 017), mg/dL | 145.9 (2.0) | 151.5 (5.0) | 155.7 (5.8) | 162.2 (9.0) | 0.01 |
| BMI categories, % | |||||
| Normal weight | 26.7 (0.5) | 21.5 (1.3) | 22.8 (1.3) | 23.3 (1.5) | <0.001 |
| Overweight | 34.5 (0.5) | 32.6 (1.5) | 28.5 (1.2) | 31.1 (1.8) | |
| Obesity | 33.2 (0.5) | 40.8 (1.5) | 43.6 (1.5) | 40.7 (2.1) | |
| Missing | 5.6 (0.2) | 5.0 (0.6) | 5.1 (0.7) | 4.8 (0.8) | |
BMI indicates body mass index; CVD, cardiovascular disease; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HDL‐C, high‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol; LDL‐C, low‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol; and TG, triglycerides.
a
Data available only among fasting samples.