STAT3 pathway inhibitors reduce growth in MPM cell lines. (A) The MPM cell lines MSTO-211H (MSTO), H2052, H28, and H2804, as well as the nontransformed mesothelial cell line LP9, were treated with the indicated concentrations of atovaquone, pyrimethamine, or nifuroxazide for 72 h, after which viable cell number was quantitated (n = 4). (B) Cell cycle distribution was determined by propidium iodide staining in H28 and MSTO-211H (MSTO) cells in response to 30 μM atovaquone, 10 μM pyrimethamine or vehicle (control) after 18 h of treatment (n = 3) (* significant differences are indicated, p < 0.05). (C) MPM primary-derived cell lines (MS1-MS4) were treated with atovaquone, pyrimethamine, and nifuroxazide in a three-day assay (n = 4), as indicated.