Figure 1.

Scanning Electron Micrographs (SEM) of ex vivo ileal tissue before treatment. Untreated ileal tissue showing the integrated architecture of the mucosa ready to be examined by the SEM after 24 h incubation in transwells; * indicates luminal surface and ** indicates serosa surface (A). Under higher magnification ileal tissue shows intact villi (shown by white arrow in (B), mucosa-associated bacteria (shown by white arrow), fibrin (shown by red arrow) and biofilm (shown by white, red and yellow arrow, respectively in (C).