Table 2.
Availability of KRTs and funding sources among countries reporting an absence of conservative kidney management
| International Society of Nephrology Region and Country | World Bank Income Group | Hemodialysis | Peritoneal Dialysis | Kidney Transplantation | KRT Funding |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Africa | |||||
| Botswana | Upper middle | ✓ | ✓ | X | Mix (govt + private) |
| Ethiopia | Low | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Mix (govt + private) |
| Mauritania | Lower middle | ✓ | X | X | Govt (no fees) |
| Sierra Leone | Low | ✓ | X | X | Other |
| Sudan | Lower middle | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Multiple |
| Swaziland | Lower middle | ✓ | ✓ | X | Govt (some fees) |
| Tanzania | Low | ✓ | X | ✓ | Mix (govt + private) |
| Zimbabwe | Low | ✓ | ✓ | X | Govt (some fees) |
| Eastern and Central Europe | |||||
| Lithuania | High | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Govt (no fees) |
| Latin America | |||||
| Bolivia | Lower middle | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Mix (govt + private) |
| Brazil | Upper middle | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Govt (no fees) |
| Chile | High | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Govt (some fees) |
| El Salvador | Lower middle | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Mix (govt + private) |
| Guatemala | Lower middle | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Mix (govt + private) |
| Mexico | Upper middle | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Govt (some fees) |
| Peru | Upper middle | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Mix (govt + private) |
| Puerto Rico | High | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Mix (govt + private) |
| Uruguay | High | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Mix (govt + private) |
| Venezuela | Upper middle | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Govt (no fees) |
| Middle East | |||||
| Syrian Arab Republic | Lower middle | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Govt (no fees) |
| West Bank and Gaza | Lower middle | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Govt (no fees) |
| NIS and Russia | |||||
| Belarus | Upper middle | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Govt (no fees) |
| Kazakhstan | Upper middle | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Govt (no fees) |
| Russian Federation | Upper middle | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Govt (no fees) |
| North America and the Caribbean | |||||
| Antigua and Barbuda | High | ✓ | X | ✓ | Govt (no fees) |
| St. Kitts and Nevis | High | ✓ | ✓ | X | Private |
| Trinidad and Tobago | High | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | Mix (govt + private) |
| Oceania and Southeast Asia | |||||
| Cambodia | Lower middle | ✓ | X | X | Private |
Eight countries that do not have conservative kidney management available also do not offer peritoneal dialysis: Ethiopia (Africa), Mauritania (Africa), Sierra Leone (Africa), Tanzania (Africa), Syrian Arab Republic (Middle East), West Bank and Gaza (Middle East), Antigua and Barbuda (North America and the Caribbean), and Cambodia (Oceania and Southeast Asia). Seven countries that do not have conservative kidney management available also do not offer kidney transplantation: Botswana (Africa), Mauritania (Africa), Sierra Leone (Africa), Swaziland (Africa), Zimbabwe (Africa), St. Kitts and Nevis (North America and the Caribbean), and Cambodia (Oceania and Southeast Asia). KRT includes dialysis and transplantation but excludes conservative kidney management. ✓, available; X, not available; Mix (govt + private), mix of government (public) and private; Govt (no fees), government (no fees at point of delivery); Other, other funding sources; Multiple, multiple sources (programs provided by government, nongovernment organizations, and communities); Govt (some fees), government (some fees at point of delivery); NIS, newly independent states; Private, private (solely out of pocket).