Table 1.
Descriptive characteristics for children and their mothers (N=104)
| Characteristics | n OR mean (range) | Percent or SD |
|---|---|---|
| Maternal and Household Data | ||
| Age | 26.83 (18– 40) | 4.95 |
| Living children (baseline) | 1.9 (02013–6) | 1.6 |
| Education (Mom) | 6.99 (0–16) | 4.02 |
| None | 15 | 14.42 |
| Primary | 24 | 23.08 |
| Middle | 28 | 26.92 |
| Secondary | 24 | 23.08 |
| More than secondary | 13 | 12.5 |
| SES Tertile | ||
| lowest | 29 | 27. 88 |
| middle | 30 | 28.85 |
| highest | 45 | 43.27 |
| HOME (Total Score) | 30.81 (10–42) | 5.52 |
| HOME (Subscale Scores) | ||
| Responsivity | 9.64 (4–11) | 1.31 |
| Acceptance | 5.89 (1–8) | 1.18 |
| Involvement | 4.27 (0–6) | 1.32 |
| HOME Tertiles | ||
| lowest | 23 | 22. 12 |
| middle | 62 | 59.62 |
| highest | 19 | 18.27 |
| Baseline depression severity (PHQ9)1 | 11.22 (0–23) | 6.8 |
| Current MDE1 (12 months) | 27 | 25.96 |
| MDE Diagnosis count2 | ||
| 0 | 36 | 35. 64 |
| 1 | 36 | 35.64 |
| 2 | 18 | 17.82 |
| 3 | 11 | 10.89 |
| Baseline IPV3 | ||
| Any | 50 | 51. 02 |
| Total Count (Sexual, Physical, Psychological)3 | ||
| 0 | 54 | 52. 88 |
| 1 | 17 | 16.35 |
| 2 | 16 | 15.38 |
| 3 | 17 | 16.35 |
| 12 months post-partum IPV | ||
| Any | 49 | 51. 46 |
| Total Count (Sexual, Physical, Psychological)† | ||
| 0 | 55 | 51. 92 |
| 1 | 18 | 17.31 |
| 2 | 17 | 16.35 |
| 3 | 14 | 13.46 |
| Female | 56 | 53.9 |
| Age (days) | 372 (351–466) | 16.73 |
| Hair steroids4 | ||
| Cortisol | 28.15 (1.24–196.2) | 34. 95 |
| DHEA | 11.32 (0.24–29.52) | 5.83 |
| Cortisol/DHEA ratio | 7.74 (0.063–303) | 32.02 |
| Cortisone | 51.03 (5.54–160.74) | 34.16 |
*
outlier of 43.74 dropped from DHEA related analyses, minimum value set to 0.24
†
missing in any category treated as 0
1
Major Depressive Episode (MDE) determined by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV and depression severity determined by the PHQ-9
2
Three children were dropped due to missingness. Differences were explored between these children and the biomarker sample in supplementary tables.
3
IPV variables contain a dummy category for non-response, these estimates are reported in sensitivity analyses.
4
All biomarkers were measured in pg/mg and cortisol, cortisol/DHEA ratio, and cortisone were log-transformed. One outlier was identified for DHEA and dropped.