Table 1. mHealth process evaluation questions by RE-AIM dimension [adapted from Forman et al., 2017 (60)].

RE-AIM dimension	Quantitative inquiry	Qualitative inquiry	Level of analysis	Data sources
Reach	How many and what proportion of the target population participated in the mHealth intervention?	How many and what proportion of the target population participated in the mHealth intervention?	Patient-level	Patient interviews (N=20); Peer education interviews (N=6); Meeting notes from Zoom calls with MoPoTsyo, INSTEDD, UW; Administrative data from MoPoTsyo and INSTEDD (patient database, call logs, peer educator tablets) (N=3,948)
Effectiveness	What are the effects of the mHealth intervention in eligible patients? (efficacy)	What are the conditions and mechanisms that lead to effectiveness?	Patient-level
	In participating patients (effectiveness)?	What explains variation in outcome measures across MoPoTsyo patients and peer educators?
Adoption	What is the percentage of PEs participating in the program?	What affects patient and PE adoption of the intervention?	Provider-level
Implementation	Was the intervention implemented as intended? (fidelity)	What were the modifications to the intervention and why did they occur?	Provider-level
	How consistent was delivery across settings and staff?	What were the facilitators and barriers to fidelity?
		What are the contextual factors and processes underlying facilitators and barriers to implementation and how do we address them?
Maintenance	Is the mHealth or eHealth intervention maintained after the study period?	Can the mHealth message or tablet intervention be maintained after the study period?	Patient-level; Provider-level
	To what degree are key components sustained?	In what form are the components of the intervention sustained?
	What proportion of the target population is still participating?	What are the modifications made after the study?
	What proportion of staff time is still being spent on mHealth?	What are the barriers to maintaining the program?