| ALT | alanine aminotransferase |
| BA | bile acids |
| GIP | gastric inhibitory peptide |
| GLP-1 | glucagon-like peptide 1 |
| HOMA-IR | homeostasis model assessment–insulin resistance |
| IAP | intestinal alkaline phosphatase |
| MCD | Methionine- and choline- deficient diet |
| NAFLD | nonalcoholic fatty liver disease |
| NASH | nonalcoholic steatohepatitis |
| PC | Phosphorylcholine |
| PAP | pancreatic peptide |
| PEPCK | phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase |
| PYY | peptide YY |
| TNAP | tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase |
| VLDL | very low-density lipoproteins |
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