Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of Medicare beneficiaries (MBs) with fee-for-service claims for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), by hospitalization status, USA, January 1–September 30, 2020
| Characteristics | Hospitalized | Nonhospitalized | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| 100% (n = 207,600) | 100% (n = 503,380) | ||
| Age (yrs) | < .0001* | ||
| ≤ 64 | 15.3 | 14.0 | — |
| 65–74 | 32.2 | 37.7 | — |
| ≥ 75 | 52.5 | 48.3 | — |
| Sex, % | < .0001* | ||
| Male | 50.0 | 41.4 | — |
| Female | 50.0 | 58.6 | — |
| Race/ethnicity, % | < .0001* | ||
| Non-Hispanic White | 57.8 | 70.6 | — |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 22.3 | 13.4 | — |
| Hispanic | 13.8 | 10.2 | — |
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 3.0 | 2.8 | — |
| American Indian/Alaska Native | 1.2 | 0.6 | — |
| Other/unknown | 2.0 | 2.4 | — |
| US Census region, by state, % | < .0001* | ||
| Northeast | 26.5 | 38.9 | — |
| Midwest | 17.1 | 15.3 | — |
| South | 42.6 | 37.7 | — |
| West | 13.7 | 17.7 | — |
| US territories | 0.2 | 0.5 | — |
| Urban-rural classification | < .0001* | ||
| Urban | 60.6 | 59.0 | — |
| Sub-urban | 25.9 | 26.8 | — |
| Rural | 13.5 | 14.2 | — |
| Medicare entitlement | < .0001* | ||
| End-stage renal disease | 7.9 | 3.2 | — |
| Disabled | 12.1 | 13.0 | — |
| Aged | 79.9 | 83.8 | — |
| Medicare eligibility status | < .0001* | ||
| Medicare only | 35.2 | 52.3 | — |
| Dual Medicare and Medicaid | 64.8 | 47.7 | — |
| Number of comorbiditiesa | < .0001* | ||
| 0 | 15.0 | 17.2 | — |
| 1–3 | 19.9 | 25.6 | — |
| 4–5 | 18.8 | 20.4 | — |
| ≥ 6 | 46.4 | 36.9 | — |
*MBs with COVID-19 with fee-for-service claims were significantly different from nonhospitalized MBs with COVID-19 by chi-square test at P < .05
aIncludes acute myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, chronic kidney disease, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, anemia, diabetes, Alzheimer disease, depression, obesity, COPD, schizophrenia, lung cancer, liver disease, viral hepatitis, HIV/AIDS, asthma, ESRD, osteoporosis, tobacco use, opioid use disorder, spina bifida and other congenital anomalies of the nervous system, and sickle cell disease