Table 3.

PFM strength, diaphragm excursion and upper rib cage kinematics values pre- and post-training for both groups (means ± SD).

		Group	Pre	Post	P
Pelvic floor muscle strength		PFES	24.21 ± 7.14	39.14 ± 11.88	.000∗
		Control	33.19 ± 13.18	29.31 ± 11.89	.072
Diaphragm excursion (cm)	Tidal breathing	PFES	1.79 ± 0.81	2.31 ± 0.83	.002∗
		Control	1.82 ± 0.79	1.70 ± 0.73	.393
	Forceful breathing	PFES	6.26 ± 0.95	6.73 ± 1.05	.005∗
		Control	5.68 ± 0.98	5.65 ± 0.91	.829
	Coughing	PFES	4.25 ± 1.01	5.04 ± 0.91	.000∗
		Control	4.05 ± 0.98	3.83 ± 0.94	.057
X-axis translation in upper rib cage kinematics (cm)	Tidal breathing	PFES	0.09 ± 0.03	0.06 ± 0.02	.000∗
		Control	0.14 ± 0.17	0.18 ± 0.19	.204
	Forceful breathing	PFES	1.02 ± 0.58	0.77 ± 0.44	.001∗
		Control	1.07 ± 0.42	1.16 ± 0.38	.358
	Coughing	PFES	2.25 ± 0.99	2.03 ± 0.78	.400
		Control	2.38 ± 0.77	2.27 ± 0.85	.610
Z-axis translation in upper rib cage kinematics (cm)	Tidal breathing	PFES	0.09 ± 0.05	0.16 ± 0.23	.218
		Control	0.15 ± 0.20	0.11 ± 0.06	.513
	Forceful breathing	PFES	0.81 ± 0.35	1.03 ± 0.35	.000∗
		Control	0.93 ± 0.20	0.86 ± 0.38	.075
	Coughing	PFES	1.08 ± 0.41	0.97 ± 0.45	.337
		Control	1.16 ± 0.41	1.18 ± 0.37	.866
Y-axis rotation in upper rib cage kinematics (°)	Tidal breathing	PFES	0.73 ± 0.46	0.78 ± 0.43	.751
		Control	0.87 ± 0.64	0.86 ± 0.86	.983
	Forceful breathing	PFES	4.92 ± 3.48	4.99 ± 3.58	.932
		Control	4.75 ± 2.23	4.69 ± 2.67	.936
	Coughing	PFES	11.52 ± 4.24	12.42 ± 4.75	.461
		Control	10.67 ± 3.37	9.48 ± 4.77	.054