Table 2.
Summary of cross-sectional evidence, with number of studies and strength of associations between measure and outcome
| Measure | Outcome: No. = number of studies evaluating measure and outcome Strength of association: s = strong/m = medium/w = weak/n = no association | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mobility | Balance | Falls | ADL | |
| No.: s/m/w/n | No.: s/m/w/n | No.: s/m/w/n | No.: s/m/w/n | |
| HGS | 16a: 5/6/3/2 | 6: 3/2/1/0 | 6: 0/0/2/4 | 11: 5/5/0/1 |
| KES | 10: 6/1/0/3 | 2: 0/1/0/1 | 4: 0/2/0/2 | 2: 1/0/1/0 |
| Lower extremity strength | 8: 5/1/0/2 | 2: 1/0/0/1 | 2: 0/1/0/1 | 1: 0/0/0/1 |
| Upper extremity strength (excluding HGS) | 1: 1/0/0/0 | 0: 0/0/0/0 | 0: 0/0/0/0 | 1: 0/1/0/0 |
| BIA | 8: 0/1/3/4 | 1: 0/0/0/1 | 0: 0/0/0/0 | 7: 0/2/2/3 |
| Anthropometry | 0: 0/0/0/0 | 0: 0/0/0/0 | 0: 0/0/0/0 | 2: 1/0/0/1 |
| DXA | 1: 0/0/0/1 | 0: 0/0/0/0 | 0: 0/0/0/0 | 0: 0/0/0/0 |
| Ultrasound | 3a: 1/2/0/0 | 1: 0/0/0/1 | 0: 0/0/0/0 | 0: 0/0/0/0 |
| CT | 1: 0/0/0/1 | 0: 0/0/0/0 | 0: 0/0/0/0 | 0: 0/0/0/0 |
| MRI | 0: 0/0/0/0 | 0: 0/0/0/0 | 0: 0/0/0/0 | 0: 0/0/0/0 |
aStrength of association dependent on mobility measure in one study.