Figure 1.
Smad4 expression is decreased in human colorectal cancer (CRC) and during the CRC progression in ApcMin/+ mice treated overnight with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). It also decreases during the progression of CRC in wild-type mice treated with azoxymethane (AOM) and then overnight with DSS. (A) Smad4 mRNA expression in circulating NK cells from healthy donors (n=10) and untreated metastatic CRC patients (n=24) by RT-qPCR. (B) Representative immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining of Smad4 in colorectal tissues from familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) (n=6) and CRC (n=9) patients. Quantification of Smad4 staining intensity. (C) Representative IHC images and quantitative staining of Smad4 on colon adenoma in the ApcMin/+/DSS mouse model (n=3–4 for each time points). (D) Representative IHC images and quantitative staining of Smad4 on colon adenocarcinoma in the AOM/DSS mouse model (n=3 for each time points). SAC: mouse euthanized. The circles and squares on the bar graphs denote data from individual specimens. **P < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001.