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. 2020 Dec 7;8:601216. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.601216

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Copyright © 2020 Donati, Pomili, Boselli and Pompa.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Assay performance analysis in real saliva samples. (A) Validation of the RGB-based readout. Six saliva samples were involved in this study (the average of two experimental replicates is reported). Besides the basal glucose concentration, all samples were normalized through glucose spike at 2.5, 4, and 6 mg/dL, the RGB coordinates values were measured at t = 0 and 15 min with a smartphone app (ColorGrab), and the ΔRGB was calculated. Statistical significance was determined using a one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison test (****P < 0.0001). A representative image of the assay at the four different concentrations is reported in the inset. (B) Assay results for clinical saliva samples from both diabetic subjects (donors 1–12) and healthy subjects (donor 13–20). The “ON” outcome (red dots) refers to ΔRGB ≥ 30 ± 10.