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. 2020 Dec 11;11:607795. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.607795

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Copyright © 2020 Takahashi-Nakaguchi, Shishido, Yahara, Urayama, Ninomiya, Chiba, Sakai, Hagiwara, Chibana, Moriyama and Gonoi.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Phenotypic comparisons of each AfuPmV-1M ORF (1–5)-expressing and non-expressing (−) KU strain. (A) Fungal burden in mouse lungs. Fungal cell numbers in mouse lungs were estimated as CFU of lung tissues 3 days after infection with each fungal strain. (B) Adherence of conidia from each strain to A549 human pneumocyte cells. (C) Cellular cytotoxicity of each ORF expressing (1–5) and non-expressing (−) strain assayed by LDH activity. A549 cells were incubated with each strain for 24 h for the LDH assay. (D) Sensitivity of each strain to phagocytosis by J774A.1, a murine macrophage cell line. (E) Effect of hydrogen peroxide on the growth of each strain. (F) Growth of each strain under osmotic stress conditions. ^∗p < 0.05, by one-way ANOVA, Dunnett’s test.