Table 4.
Applications of spheroid culture models in ovarian cancer.
| Study | Outcomes of the Study | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Xing et al. (2005) Xing et al. (2007) |
Analysis of spheroid culture from ovarian cancer cell lines revealed higher expression of p27 protein in spheroids associated with drug resistance to taxol | [48,49] |
| Kryczek et al.(2012) Silva et al. (2011) |
CD133 and ALDH are identified as CSC markers of ovarian cancer using spheroid culture models | [50,51] |
| Xu et al. (2014) | E-cadherin plays an important role in spheroid formation and drug resistance to cisplatin. | [52] |
| Ishiguro et al. (2016) | ROCK inhibition of ovarian cancer spheroids may promote CSC phenotype | [53] |
| Raghavan et al. (2015) | Developed a novel 384-well hanging drop tumor spheroid platform used to test sensitivity to cisplatin chemotherapy. | [54] |
| Aihara et al. (2016) | Developed a novel 3D cell culture technique using FP001 polymer for screening of anticancer agents. FP001 facilitated homogenous spheroid culture. | [55] |
| Raghavan et al. (2017) | Developed a patient-derived 3D hanging drop spheroid platform with ALDH+ CD133+ ovarian cancer cells to screen the effects of chemotherapy drugs | [56] |
| Chen et al. (2017) Lu et al. (2019) |
Activation of STAT3 plays an important role in formation of epithelial ovarian cancer spheroids and regulating putative stem-like cell markers | [57,58] |
| Yang et al. (2019) | Role of bcl-2 was explored in ovarian cancer spheroids in response to platinum-drugs | [59] |
| Rashidi et al. (2019) | Developed an in vitro 3D model to study stemness and chemoresistance in ovarian cancer. Serial passaging of spheroids using this technique demonstrated enrichment of cells with stem cell markers and emergence of platinum-resistance phenotype. | [60] |
| Shuford et al. (2019) | Developed an ex vivo patient derived 3D spheroid model for drug testing. A correlation between clinical response to therapy and in vitro response was seen in some patients. | [61] |
| Boylan et al.(2016) Boylan et al. (2020) |
Cell adhesion molecule Nectin-4 may be involved in ovarian cancer spheroid formation | [62,63] |