Figure 3.

Adaptation to persistent ER stress enhances chemoresistance to cisplatin. OECM1 cells with or without pretreatment of 2.5 nM of thapsigargin or 1 µg/mL of tunicamycin for 4 days were treated with various dose of cisplatin or fluorouracil (5-FU). (A) WST-8 assay of dose-dependent cell viability. (B) Representative flow cytometry analysis of cell apoptosis by cleaved Caspase 3 or Annexin-V staining. Data from three independent experiments are shown as the mean ± SEM. Statistical significance was determined by one-way ANOVA and Student’s t-test. *, p < 0.05.