Table 2.

Effects on exercise capacity.

	Study Characteristics			Effects a
	Duration (Weeks)	Number of Patients	Exercise Capacity	IG: Within-Group	CG: Within-Group	∆ IG vs. ∆ CG: Between-Group
mTechs during home-based CR vs. outpatient CR (n = 297)
Avila et al. [13] b	6 w	n = 90	⩒O2peak	-	-	-
Kraal et al. [20]	6 w	n = 45	⩒O2peak	↑	↑	-
Maddison et al. [21]	6 w	n = 162	⩒O2peak	⊗	⊗	⊙
Outpatient CR with mTechs vs. outpatient without mTechs (n = 102)
Rosario et al. [31]	6 w	n = 66	6MWT	-	-	-
Vogel et al. [32] c	12 w	n = 36	Peak W	↑	↑	-
Outpatient CR followed by home-based CR with mTechs vs. outpatient CR without further formal CR (n = 1659)
Avila et al. [13] d	12 w	n = 90	⩒O2peak	-	-	↑
Duscha et al. [14]	12 w	n = 32	⩒O2peak	↑	↓	↑
Fang et al. [33]	6 w	n = 80	6MWT	↑	↑	↑
Frederix et al. [15]	18 w	n = 80	⩒O2peak	↑	-	↑
Frederix et al. [16] e	24 w	n = 140	⩒O2peak	↑	-	↑
Piotrowicz et al. [12] f	8 w	n = 111	⩒O2peak	↑	-	↑
Piotrowicz et al. [30] f	9 w	n = 850	⩒O2peak	↑	↑	↑
Skobel et al. [17]	24 w	n = 118	⩒O2peak	-	-	↑
Snoek et al. [19]	14 w	n = 122	⩒O2peak	↑	↑	-
Vogel et al. [32] g	12 w	n = 36	Peak W	↑	↓	↑

↑: statistically significant improvement; ↓: statistically significant deterioration; -: no statistically significant difference; ⊗: no within-group statistical comparison reported, but similar improvements observed in both groups descriptively; ⊙: statistically non-inferior. ^a Effects are related to changes in exercise capacity directly after intervention compared to baseline. ^b IG: home-based CR, CG: outpatient CR. ^c First 6 weeks of study period: both IG and CG underwent an outpatient CR. ^d IG: home-based CR, CG: no formal CR. ^e First 6 weeks of study period (18 weeks) in outpatient CR for both IG and CG. ^f Effects for both ⩒O_2peak and 6MWT. ^g Last 6 weeks of study period: home-based continuation vs. no formal CR.