Table 4.
Regression coefficients in the interaction between prostate cancer treatment and post-treatment duration with standard errors (in parentheses) on a mix-effects WHOQOL-BREF model.
| Treatment | Radiotherapy vs. Radical Prostatectomy | Active Surveillance vs. Radical Prostatectomy | Radiotherapy vs. Active Surveillance | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time b | before Treatment | after Treatment ≤ 1 Year | after Treatment > 1 Year | before Treatment | after Treatment ≤ 1 Year | after Treatment > 1 Year | before Treatment | after Treatment ≤ 1 Year | after Treatment > 1 Year | |
| QoL Items a | ||||||||||
| Physical domain | 1.11 (0.53) * | −1.53 (0.64) * | ||||||||
| Sleep and rest | 0.63 (0.21) † | |||||||||
| Work capacity | −0.44 (0.20) * | −0.75 (0.24) † | ||||||||
| Psychological domain | −0.93 (0.42) * | |||||||||
| Spirituality | −0.40 (0.20) * | |||||||||
| Self-esteem | −0.34 (0.17) * | |||||||||
| Social domain | 1.62 (0.66) * | −1.74 (0.80) * | ||||||||
| Personal rel. | 0.34 (0.17) * | |||||||||
| Social support | −0.49 (0.19) † | |||||||||
| Respect | −0.53 (0.23) * | |||||||||
Mixed effects model adjusted for age, education, income, employment (yes/no), cardiovascular disease (yes/no), hypertension (yes/no), diabetes (yes/no), arthritis (yes/no), anxiety/depression (yes/no), peptic ulcer (yes/no), risk group, and urology medication (yes/no). QoL items a include the domain and facets from the WHOQOL-BREF, which had major effects on the determinants. time b post-treatment duration. Patients under watchful waiting were also included the active surveillance group. * p < 0.05, † p < 0.01; those with p ≥ 0.05 are left blank. Patients under observation were also included in the active surveillance group. WHOQOL-BREF, short form of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire; ref, reference; QoL, quality of life; Personal rel., personal relationships.