| ATP | adenosine triphosphate; |
| BMDM | bone marrow-derived macrophages; |
| DAMPs | damage-associated molecular patterns; |
| EA | ellagic acid; |
| ET | ellagitannin; |
| JNK | c-Jun N-terminal kinases; |
| LPS | lipopolysaccharide; |
| RRW | whole red raspberry polyphenols; |
| UroA | urolithin A |
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