Table 1.

Different nanoparticles for treatment of brain infections and meningitis.

Nanostructures	Composition	Loaded Moiety	Disease	Outcome	Ref.
Liposomes	Clodronate	---	Encephalitis	Depletion of infiltrating macrophages and monocytes and reduced seizures compared to control group	[31]
Liposomes	Glycerylcaldityl-tetraether	Vancomycin	Meningitis	Increased bioavailability	[32]
Liposomes	Polypyridyl rhutenium complexes	Rabies virus glycoprotein derived peptide	Cyptococcal encephalitis	High fungicidal effect, enhanced penetration across BBB	[33]
Gold NPs	Potassium gold (III) chloride	Curcumin	Granulomatous amoebic encephalitis	Enhanced amoebicidal activity	[34]
Gold NPs	Potassium gold (III) chloride	Amphotericin B, fluconazole, nystatin	Granulomatous amoebic encephalitis	Enhanced bioactivity of drugs	[35]
Magneto-plasmonic liposomes	Iron (III) chloride hexahydrate, polyethylene-glycol (PEG)	Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate	Brain-targeted HIV treatment	Enhanced transmigration across BBB with desired therapeutic activity	[36]
Nanogel-PAMAM dendrimer	Polyethylenimine (PE) crosslinked with PEG	Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors	Brain-targeted HIV treatment	Inhibited HIV-1 in macrophages with significant accumulation in brain	[37]
Polymeric nanoparticles	Polybutyl cyanoacrylate	Amphotericin B	Meningitis	Enhanced drug delivery across BBB	[38]
Polymeric micelles	Phosphoethanolamine, PEG	Angiopep-2 and amphotericin B	Meningoencephalitis	Improved therapeutic profile of drug and accumulation in brain	[39]
Polymeric micelles	Angiopep-2, PEG, phosphoethanolamine	Amphotericin B	Fungal infection	High transcytosis across BBB	[40]
Self-assembled NPs	CG3R6TAT peptides	Cholesteryl chloroformate	Candida albicans meningitis	Reduction in fungal count and leukocyte concentration	[41]
Polymeric nanoparticles	Polybutyl cyanoacrylate	Itraconazole	Cyptococcal meningitis	Promising drug delivery vehicle across BBB	[42]