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. 2020 Dec 30;22(1):300. doi: 10.3390/ijms22010300

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Effect of bFGF on the chondrogenesis of SMSCs in 3D chondrogenic culture: quantitative evaluation. Synovial pellets from both the bFGF (+) and bFGF (−) groups cultured in chondrogenic medium (without bFGF) for 4 weeks. (a) The cross-section area (CSA) of pellets (20 pellets from patients #1 to #5). (b) Quantitative area analysis of immunostaining for COL2 (20 pellets from patients #1 to #5). (c) The content of sGAG normalized to the dsDNA on day 28 (eight pellets from patients #1 and #5). (d) Gene expression levels in cell pellets for COL2A1, COL10A1, SOX9, and ACAN normalized to GAPDH (10 pellets from patients #3 to #5). ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001. bFGF, basic fibroblast growth factor; SMSCs, synovial mesenchymal stem cells; 3D, three-dimensional; CSA, cross-section area; COL2, collagen type II; sGAG, sulfated glycosaminoglycan; dsDNA, double-stranded DNA; COL2A1, collagen type II alpha 1; COL10A1, collagen type X alpha 1; SOX9, sex-determining region Y-box 9; ACAN, aggrecan; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase.