Table 6.
Cognitive Scores | Language Scores | Social-Emotional Scores | Motor Scores | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
(1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | ||
(1) | Depression | −2.59 *** | −2.34 *** | −2.86 *** | −2.91 *** |
(1 = yes) | (0.98) | (0.83) | (0.88) | (1.00) | |
Controls | YES | YES | YES | YES | |
Tester Fixed Effects | YES | YES | YES | YES | |
Adj. R2 | 0.15 | 0.29 | 0.18 | 0.30 | |
(2) | Anxiety | −0.81 | −1.47 | −1.48 | −2.13 ** |
(1 = yes) | (0.88) | (0.87) | (0.79) | (0.98) | |
Controls | YES | YES | YES | YES | |
Tester Fixed Effects | YES | YES | YES | YES | |
Adj. R2 | 0.14 | 0.28 | 0.17 | 0.30 | |
(3) | Stress | −1.56 | −2.98 *** | −0.40 | −2.61** |
(1 = yes) | (1.01) | (0.88) | (0.89) | (1.10) | |
Controls | YES | YES | YES | YES | |
Tester Fixed Effects | YES | YES | YES | YES | |
Adj. R2 | 0.14 | 0.29 | 0.17 | 0.30 | |
(4) | Any of mental health problem | −1.87** | −2.00 ** | −2.00 ** | −2.91 *** |
(1 = depression or anxiety or stress) | (0.88) | (0.81) | (0.81) | (0.89) | |
Controls | YES | YES | YES | YES | |
Tester Fixed Effects | YES | YES | YES | YES | |
Adj. R2 | 0.15 | 0.29 | 0.18 | 0.30 |
Note. Data source is author’s survey. Controls include child’s age, gender, ethnicity, and premature birth; whether the child has siblings; whether the mother is the primary caregiver; caregiver’s age and educational level; paternal educational level; whether the father lives at home; and household asset index. We also control for Bayley tester fixed effects. All standard errors account for clustering at the village level. ** p < 0.05; *** p < 0.01.