Table 1.

Selected references: vascular resection for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Author	Study Period	Inclusion	N	Type of VR	Short Term Outcomes	Long-Term Outcomes
Ali et al. [45]	1997–2011	Major hepatectomy, single institution	121; 14 (11.6%) VR	N = 5 PV, N = 5 IVC	Major complications (CV ≥ 3) VR N = 4, 29% versus NVR N = 17, 16%; p = 0.263	Median OS VR 32 mo versus NVR 49 mo; p = 0.268
Reames et al. [20]	1990–2016	Hepatectomy, 13 institutions; 61.1% major	1087, 128 (11.8%) VR	N = 21, 16.4% IVC; N = 98, 76.6% PV; 9, 7.0%, combined	VR not associated with complications (OR = 0.68, NS), major complications (OR = 0.95, NS), postoperative mortality (OR = 1.05, NS)	Median RFS VR 14.0 mo versus NVR 14.7 mo, HR 0.74, p > 0.05; Median OS VR 33.4 mo versus NVR 40.2 mo, HR = 0.71, p > 0.05
Conci et al. [21]	1995–2015	Resected ICC, 62.2% major	270, 31 (11.5%) VR	N = 15, 5.6% PVR; N = 16, 5.9% CVR	Postoperative mortality NVR (N = 6, 2.5%) versus VR (N = 3, 9.7%, p = 0.072); Major complications NVR (N = 9, 29%) versus VR (N = 39, 16.3%, p = 0.082)	PVR, HR 1.57, 95% CI 0.71–3.51, p = 0.347; CVR, HR 1.94, 95% CI 0.87–3.85, p = 0.238

ICC, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma; CV, Clavien-Dindo; VR, vascular resection; NVR, Nonvascular resection; OS, overall survival; PV, portal vein; IVC, inferior vena cava; RFS, recurrence-free survival; PVR, portal vein resection; CVR, IVC resection; NS, not significant; mo, months; HR, hazard ratio.