AFP	Alpha-fetoprotein
Ag NPs	Silver nanoparticles
ALP	Alkaline phosphatase
anti-tTG	Anti-tissue transglutaminase immunoglobulin A antibodies
ApoE	Apolipoprotein E
ATP	Adenosine triphosphate
Au NPs	Gold nanoparticles
BSA	Bovine serum albumin
CA125	Carcinoma antigen 125
CdS QDs	Cadmium sulfide quantum dots
CdSe@ZnS QDs	Cadmium selenide@Zinc sulfide quantum dots
CdTe QDs	Cadmium telluride quantum dots
CEA	Carcinoembryonic antigen
cTnI	Cardiac troponin I
cTnT	Cardiac troponin T
Cu NPs	Copper nanoparticles
CV	Cyclic voltammetry
CVs	Cyclic voltammograms
DNA	Deoxyribonucleic acid
DPV	Differential pulse voltammetry
DT-D	DT-Diaphorase
DμFD	Disposable microfluidic device
E. coli	Escherichia coli
ECL	Electrochemiluminescence
EIS	Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
Fe3O4 NPs	Ferromagnetic nanoparticles
G6PDH	Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
GCE	Glassy carbon electrode
GIgG	Goat immunoglobulin G
GN	Graphene
GO NPs	Graphene oxide nanoparticles
GO	Graphene oxide
GOx	Glucose oxidase
GPDH	Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
GSH	Glutathione
HgSe NPs	Mercury selenide nanoparticles
HIgG	Human Immunoglobulin G
HRP	Horseradish peroxidase
IgG	Immunoglobulin G
IL-6	Interleukin-6
Ir NPs	Iridium nanoparticles
IrO2 NPs	Iridium oxide nanoparticles
ITO	Indium tin oxide
LOx	Lactate oxidase
LSV	Linear sweep voltammetry
MBs	Magnetic beads
miR-141	MicroRNA 141
miR-21	MicroRNA 21
MoS2 NPs	Molybdenum disulfide nanoparticles
MSNs	Mesoporous silica nanoparticles
MSO	Mercury-specific oligonucleotide
MWCNT	Multi-walled carbon nanotubes
NPs	Nanoparticles
ORR	Oxygen reduction reaction
PAP	p-aminophenol
PAPG	p-aminophenyl galactopyranoside
PBS	Sodium phosphate buffer
PCB	Polychlorinated biphenyls
Pd NPs	Palladium nanoparticles
PDBE	Polybrominated diphenyl ethers
PEC	Photoelectrochemical
POC	Point-of-care
PSA	Prostate specific antigen
Pt NPs	Platinum nanoparticles
PTH	Parathyroid hormone
QDs	Quantum Dots
Rct	Charge transfer resistance
RIgG	Rabbit immunoglobulin G
S. typhi	Salmonella typhimurium
SARS	Severe acute respiratory syndrome
SEM	Scanning electron microscope
SPEs	Screen-printed electrodes
ssDNA	Single stranded DNA
SWASV	Square wave anodic stripping voltammetry
SWCNT	Single walled carbon nanotubes
SWSV	Square wave stripping voltammetry
SWV	Square wave voltammetry
TCID	Tissue culture infective dose
t-DNA	Transfer DNA
TEM	Transmission electron microscopy
TGA	Thioglycolic acid
TiO2 NPs	Titanium dioxide nanoparticles
TMB	3,3′,5,5′-Tetramethylbenzidine
XPS	X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
ZnS NPs	Zinc sulfide nanoparticles
α-SYN	α-Synuclein
β-gal	β-galactosidase