Table 3.

Descriptive outcome values for concussed participants at the subacute and post-acute evaluations.

Outcome Variable		Mean ± SD	Cohen’s d	p-Value
RPQ subdomain
Somatic	Subacute	11.0 ± 6.9	0.931	<0.0001 *
	Post-Acute	5.6 ± 6.9
Emotional	Subacute	4.3 ± 3.6	0.985	<0.0001 *
	Post-Acute	2.0 ± 3.2
Cognitive	Subacute	4.9 ± 3.2	1.067	<0.0001 *
	Post-Acute	2.0 ± 2.7
BYI-2 Depression Scale
Total Score	Subacute	0.67 ± 0.44	0.637	<0.0001 *
	Post-Acute	0.41 ± 0.47
BRIEF-P subdomain
Behavioral Regulation Index	Subacute	36.9 ± 8.5	0.112	0.412
	Post-Acute	36.5 ± 10.3
Metacognition Index	Subacute	66.5 ± 17.3	0.247	0.073
	Post-Acute	63.8 ± 17.0
CogState
GML correct moves per second	Subacute	0.60 ± 0.16	0.884	<0.0001 *
	Post-Acute	0.73 ± 0.17
GML total errors	Subacute	59.4 ± 16.9	0.586	<0.0001 *
	Post-Acute	50.8 ± 16.5
GMR correct moves per second	Subacute	0.85 ± 0.24	0.520	<0.0001 *
	Post-Acute	0.97 ± 0.30
GMR total errors	Subacute	7.6 ± 4.4	0.165	0.225
	Post-Acute	6.8 ± 4.4
ONB reaction time (ms)	Subacute	1071.2 ± 319.2	0.307	0.027 *
	Post-Acute	990.0 ± 269.5
ONB RT variability	Subacute	0.15 ± 0.03	0.102	0.451
	Post-Acute	0.14 ± 0.04
ONB accuracy (%)	Subacute	84.5 ± 15.4	0.308	0.026 *
	Post-Acute	89.0 ± 0.10

Note: Cohen’s d and p-values were derived from paired-sample t-tests. * denotes statistical significance (p < 0.05). RPQ, Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire; BYI-2, Abbreviations: Beck Youth Inventory-2; BRIEF-P, Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function; GML, Groton Maze Learning; GMR, Groton Maze Recall; and ONB RT, One-back task reaction time.