Table 2.
The results from 17 studies included in this systematic review and meta-analysis (− 2020)
| Author/Publication Year | Countries/areas | Results |
|---|---|---|
| Mazidi et al. 2018 [12] | United states | Vitamins and trace elements intake are associated with lower risk of prevalent CKD. |
| Shi et al. 2018 [13] | China | Traditional southern dietary pattern is positively associated, and modern dietary pattern is inversely associated, with CKD among Chinese adults. |
| Xu et al. 2020 [19] | China | The Western pattern is associated with an increased risk, whereas the grains-vegetables pattern is associated with a reduced risk for CKD. |
| Yuzbashian et al. 2018 [25] | Iran | Higher adherence to the low-sodium DASH-style diet might be associated with a lower risk of incident CKD among high-risk adults. |
| Kurniawan et al. 2019 [26] | China (Taiwan) | The RRR-derived kidney function-related dietary pattern, characterized by high intake of processed and animal foods and low intake of plant foods, predicts the risks for developing cardiovascular disease and moderately/severely impaired kidney function among middle-aged and older adults. |
| Eimery et al. 2020 [27] | Iran | Higher adherence to the healthy dietary pattern may improve renal function while Iranian traditional pattern was associated with significantly increased odds of incident CKD and albuminuria. |
| Asghari et al. 2018 [28] | Iran | The high fat, high sugar dietary pattern was associated with significantly increased (46%) odds of incident CKD, whereas a lacto-vegetarian dietary pattern may be protective against the occurrence of CKD by 43%. |
| Paterson et al. 2018 [29] | United Kingdom | An unhealthy dietary pattern was associated with lower renal function and greater prevalence of chronic kidney disease. |
| Lara et al. 2019 [30] | United states | Adherence to a plant-based dietary pattern was inversely associated with eGFR< 60 ml/min/1.73m2, whereas the Southern dietary pattern was positively associated with eGFR< 60 ml/min/1.73m2. |
| Hu et al. 2019 [31] | United states | Higher adherence to healthy dietary patterns during middle age was associated with lower risk of CKD. |
| Rouhani Hossein et al. 2019 [32] | Iran | high fat dietary pattern was directly associated with progression of CKD. |
| Huang et al. 2013 [33] | Sweden | Adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern is associated with lower likelihood of CKD in elderly men. |
| Hu et al. 2020 [34] | United states | Consuming a low or moderate amount of alcohol may lower the risk of developing CKD |
| Koning et al. 2015 [35] | Netherlands | Alcohol consumption was inversely associated with the risk of developing CKD. |
| Sato et al. 2014 [36] | Japan | Among middle-aged Japanese men, the people who drank middle-range quantity, specifically who drank 4–7 days/week, had lower risk of CKD than nondrinkers. |
| Okada et al. 2019 [37] | Japan | Serum uric acid level and daily alcohol consumption were independently associated with the risk of CKD. Nondrinkers with the highest serum uric acid level had the highest risk of CKD |
| Foster et al. 2015 [38] | United kingdom | No associations were observed with physical activity, smoking status, or alcohol intake with incident eGFR < 60 or rapid eGFR decline (all p > 0.19). |