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. 2021 Jan 8;21:50. doi: 10.1186/s12913-020-06049-w

Table 2.

Examples of third order constructs

Third order constructs:
Patient studies (views on disclosure process)
Third order constructs:
Healthcare professional studies (views on disclosure process)
Third order constructs: Healthcare professional studies (barriers to disclosure)
Need for information Sometimes economical with the truth Difficulty of disclosure in a blame culture
Importance of sincere regret Owning up without saying ‘I’m sorry’ Avoidance of litigation
Promise of improvement

To tell or to not tell?

-When anxiety may cause unnecessary anxiety

-Outcome determines disclosure

Disclosure is a learned skill
Inconsistent guidance