Table 1.
Demographic, clinical, and genetic characteristics of study eyes, according to the presence or absence of poor visual acuity two years following the first study visit after starting anti-VEGF therapy.
| Refracted BCVA ≤20/200 at two years | Refracted BCVA >20/200 at two years | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Eyes, n | 56 | 538 | |
| Female sex, n (%) | 32 (57.1) | 321 (59.7) | 0.71 |
| Age at AREDS2 baseline visit (years), mean (SD) | 76.0 (6.0) | 74.9 (7.2) | 0.48 |
| Age at first post-injection visit (years), mean (SD) | 78.0 (5.9) | 77.1 (7.3) | 0.66 |
| Non-white race, n (%) | 5 (8.9) | 9 (1.7) | 0.006 |
| Education, n (%) | 0.20 | ||
| High school or less | 25 (44.6) | 180 (33.5) | |
| At least some college | 22 (39.3) | 255 (47.4) | |
| Post-graduate | 7 (12.5) | 92 (17.1) | |
| Unknown | 2 (3.6) | 11 (2.0) | |
| Smoking status, n (%) | 0.51 | ||
| Never | 28 (50.0) | 226 (42.0) | |
| Former | 25 (44.6) | 280 (52.0) | |
| Current | 3 (5.4) | 32 (5.9) | |
| Treatment assignment, n (%) | 0.20 | ||
| Placebo | 10 (17.9) | 137 (25.5) | |
| Lutein/zeaxanthin | 11 (19.6) | 142 (26.4) | |
| DHA/EPA | 16 (28.6) | 133 (24.7) | |
| Combination | 19 (33.9) | 126 (23.4) | |
| BCVA at AREDS2 baseline visit (ETDRS letter score), mean (SD) | 73.6 (8.8) Snellen 20/32 | 78.4 (8.1) Snellen 20/25 | 0.0002 |
| BCVA at first post-injection visit (ETDRS letter score), mean (SD) | 38.0 (26.7) Snellen 20/160 | 71.8 (11.9) Snellen 20/40 | <0.0001 |
| BCVA two years after first post-injection visit (ETDRS letter score), mean (SD) | 14.9 (12.3) Snellen 20/500 | 70.1 (12.8) Snellen 20/40 | <0.0001 |
| Geographic atrophy present at first post-injection visit, n (%) | 15 (26.8) | 66 (12.3) | 0.003 |
| Macular hemorrhage present at first post-injection visit, n (%) | 14 (25.5) | 70 (13.2) | 0.014 |
| Lens status at first post-injection visit, n pseudophakic/aphakic (%) | 26 (47.3) | 206 (39.1) | 0.24 |
| Spherical equivalent at first post-injection visit, mean diopters (SD) | −0.5 (2.3) | −0.5 (1.9) | 0.28 |
| Fellow eye BCVA at first post-injection visit (ETDRS letter score), mean (SD) | 62.8 (26.5) Snellen 20/50 | 58.0 (28.1) Snellen 20/63 | 0.46 |
| Fellow eye with neovascular AMD at first post-injection visit, n (%) | 30 (53.6) | 330 (62.1) | 0.21 |
| Fellow eye with geographic atrophy at first post-injection visit, n (%) | 10 (17.9) | 60 (11.3) | 0.15 |
| Time interval between first injection and first post-injection visit (days), mean (SD) | 172 (130) | 169 (116) | 0.89 |
| Number of anti-VEGF injections before first post-injection visit, mean (SD) | 2.7 (1.7) | 2.9 (2.0) | 0.74 |
| Number of anti-VEGF injections over two years from first post-injection visit, mean (SD) | 7.6 (5.4) | 10.2 (6.4) | 0.001 |
| Eyes with genetic data available, n | 24 | 269 | |
| AMD Genetic Risk Score group, n (%) | 0.49 | ||
| 0 | 4 (16.7) | 27 (10.0) | |
| 1 | 7 (29.2) | 78 (29.0) | |
| 2 | 13 (54.2) | 164 (60.9) | |
| ARMS2 rs10490924, n (%) | 0.16 | ||
| G/G | 10 (41.7) | 83 (30.9) | |
| G/T | 6 (25.0) | 122 (45.4) | |
| T/T | 8 (33.3) | 64 (23.8) | |
| CFH rs10922109, n (%) | 0.80 | ||
| C/C | 14 (58.3) | 168 (62.5) | |
| C/A | 9 (37.5) | 95 (35.3) | |
| A/A | 1 (4.2) | 6 (2.2) | |
| CFH rs1061170, n (%) | 0.94 | ||
| T/T | 3 (12.5) | 38 (14.1) | |
| T/C | 12 (50.0) | 139 (51.7) | |
| C/C | 9 (37.5) | 92 (34.2) | |
| C3 rs2230199, n (%) | 0.36 | ||
| C/C | 0 (0.0) | 21 (7.8) | |
| C/G | 10 (41.7) | 104 (38.7) | |
| G/G | 14 (58.3) | 144 (53.5) |
AMD = age-related macular degeneration; AREDS2 = Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2; BCVA = refracted best-corrected visual acuity; CI = confidence interval; DHA = docosahexaenoic acid; EPA = eicosapentaenoic acid; ETDRS = Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study; SD = standard deviation