Table 1.

Summary of clinical studies related to the sex hormone that may be involved in the different response to SARS‐CoV‐2 between sexes.

Clinical Trial Study	Intervention/Treatment	Population	Phase	Estimated Enrollment	Ages Eligible for Study	Estimated Study Completion Date	Clinical trial ID
Estrogen Therapy in Non-severe COVID-19 Patients	Estrogen Therapy	Male ≥ 18 years of age and female ≥ 55 years of age	Not Applicable	60 participants	18 Years to 70 Years (Adult, Older Adult)	March 30, 2021	NCT04539626
Selective Estrogen Modulation and Melatonin in Early COVID-19	Toremifene + Melatonin	Clinical testing positive for SARS-Cov-2 by standard RT-PCR or equivalent test	Phase2	390 participants	18 Years and older (Adult, Older Adult)	September 2021	NCT04531748
Estrogen Patch for COVID-19 Symptoms	Estradiol patch	Male ≥ 18 years of age or female ≥ 55 years of age	Phase2	110 participants	18 Years and older (Adult, Older Adult)	November 15, 2020	NCT04359329
Phase II RCT to Assess Efficacy of Intravenous Administration of Oxytocin in Patients Affected by COVID-19 (OsCOVID19)	Oxytocin (OT)	Patients Affected by COVID-19 Age	Phase2	145 participants	18 Years and older (Adult, Older Adult)	December 31, 2020	NCT04386447
COVID-19 In-vitro Diagnostic Test and Androgen Receptor Gene Expression	COVID-19 Androgen Sensitivity Test (CoVAST)	Males over age 18 who have tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection within the University of California	–	200 participants	18 Years to 90 Years (Adult, Older Adult)	August 31, 2021	NCT04530500
Anti-Androgen Treatment for COVID-19	Ivermectin + Azythromycin + Dutasteride	Males Positive SARS-CoV-2 rtPCR test in the past 7 days	Not Applicable	381 participants	50 Years and older (Adult, Older Adult)	January 31, 2021	NCT04446429
Progesterone for the Treatment of COVID-19 in Hospitalized Men	Progesterone 100 MG	Male patients with documented pneumonia	Phase1	40 participants	18 Years and older (Adult, Older Adult)	April 17, 2021	NCT04365127