1. Selected demographic and baseline behavioral characteristics of cases of malignant esophageal lesions and matched controls from Anyang, China, 2006−2017.
| Variables* | Cases (N=84)** | Controls (N=168)## | P*** |
| IQR, interquartile range; NA, not applicable; SDA, severe dysplasia and above; *, Cigarette smoking is defined as consumption of one cigarette or more per day for at least 12 months; #, Alcohol consumption is defined as consumption of Chinese liquor twice per week or more for at least 12 months; **, Cases were subjects with esophageal lesions of severe dysplasia and above (SDA) including severe squamous dysplasia, carcinoma in situ, and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; ##, Controls were subjects without SDA lesions. ***, P values were calculated by univariate conditional logistic regression analyses. | |||
| Age (IQR) (year) | 57 (51−61) | 56 (51−61) | 0.140 |
| Gender | NA | ||
| Female | 40 (47.6) | 80 (47.6) | |
| Male | 44 (52.4) | 88 (52.4) | |
| Education level | 0.520 | ||
| Primary school (1−6 years) or below | 53 (63.1) | 100 (59.5) | |
| Junior high school (7−9 years) or above | 31 (36.9) | 68 (40.5) | |
| Type of employment | 0.680 | ||
| Farming | 66 (78.6) | 135 (80.4) | |
| Non-farming | 18 (21.4) | 33 (19.6) | |
| Cigarette smoking* | 0.890 | ||
| No | 53 (63.1) | 105 (62.5) | |
| Yes | 31 (36.9) | 63 (37.5) | |
| Alcohol consumption# | 0.300 | ||
| No | 72 (85.7) | 136 (81.0) | |
| Yes | 12 (14.3) | 32 (19.0) | |
| Family history of esophageal cancer | 0.037 | ||
| No | 71 (84.5) | 156 (92.9) | |
| Yes | 13 (15.5) | 12 (7.1) | |