Table 1.
The mechanism of CDH11 in different diseases
| Diseases | Mechanism | Signaling pathways | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| RA | angiotensin↑ FLS↑ | 21 | |
| CDH11-Fc↑ MMPs↑ | PI3K/Akt | 9,13,14,23, 27 | |
| IL-6↑ TNF-α↑ IL-1β↑ | MAPK or NF-κB | 22,25 | |
| Invasive Breast Cancer | ILF3↑ HOXC8↑ | HOXC8-CDH11-Trio | 31,34,35 |
| TNBC | β-catenin↑ Wnt2↑ TCF2↑ miR-335↓ | Wnt/β-catenin | 36,37 |
| CRC | MC-LR↑ | NF-κB | 38,39 |
| PCa | VFEEE | Intracellular signal pathway | 43,44 |
| RCC | DNA methylation | 48 | |
| Pancreatic cancer | EMT↑ TGF-β↑ ECM↑ | 3,49-52 | |
| BCA | abnormal hypermethylation epigenetic inactivation of CDH11 | 53,54 | |
| GC | promoter CpG island hypermethylation | 55,56 | |
| Lung cancer | ECM↑ | 57 | |
| Head and neck cancer | ECM↑ | 58 | |
| CAVD | TGF-β1↑ α-SMA↑ | ERK1/2-dependent | 62-65 |
| ECM reconstruction | RhoA/Sox9 | 61 | |
| SSc | TGF-β↑ IFN-I↑ ECM↑ | Wnt/β-catenin | 69,70,71 |
| Liver fibrosis | TGF-β↑ ECM↑ | 74,75 | |
| Pulmonary fibrosis | TGF-β↑ EMT↑ | 71,76,77 | |
| Adipose tissue inflammation | CDH11 deficient: PDGFRα+↑ ILC2s↑ IL-13↑ M2 macrophages↑ | 80,81 | |
| MI | IL-6↑ | 83 |
Abbreviations:CDH11:Cadherin-11,OB-cadherin; EMT: epithelial-mesenchymal transition; RA: Rheumatoid arthritis; FLS: fibroblast-like synoviocytes; CDH11-Fc: CDH11 extracellular binding domain; MMPs: matrix metalloproteinases; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-α; IL-6: Interleukin-6; IL-13: Interleukin-13; MAPK: mitogen-activated protein kinase; HOXC8: Homeobox C8; ILF3: interleukin enhancer-binding factor 3; TNBC: Triple negative breast cancer; TCF: transcription factor; miR-335: MicroRNA-335; CRC: Colorectal cancer; MC-LR: Microcystin-LR; NF-κB: nuclear factor-κB; PCa: Prostate cancer; RCC: renal cell carcinoma; TGF: Transforming growth factor; BCA: bladder cancer; GC: Gastric cancer; CAVD: Calcified aortic valve disease;α-SMA: α- smooth muscle actin; ECM: extracellular matrix; SSc: Scleroderma, systemic sclerosis; IFN-I: type I interferon; PDGFR: platelet-derived growth factor receptor; ILC2s: lymphoid type 2 cells; MI: Myocardial infarction.