Table 1.

Advantages and disadvantages of liposomes and EVs.

	Liposomes	EVs
Origin	Artificially produced from a wide variety of phospholipids	Secreted by cells
Shape and size	Phospholipid bilayer structures; ~100 nm and homogenous	Phospholipid bilayer structures including many proteins (e.g., tetraspanins); 30-120 nm
Manufacture	Many manufacturing possibilities	No current manufacturing methods
Contents	Single component	Complex components (e.g., DNA, RNA, proteins, small molecule drugs)
Drug loading capacity	High loading of hydrophilic drugs	Low drug loading
Half-life	10-55 h	70-80 min
Targeted delivery	Poor and dependent on the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect	Strong with ability to cross biological membranes and high endogenous targeting potential