FIGURE 6.

Fenofibrate inhibits Müller-secreted connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and Müller gliosis in very low–density lipoprotein receptor (Vldlr)^−/− retinas. (A) Representative images of immunofluorescence of glutamine synthetase (GS) (red) in the eye of wild-type mice and Vldlr ^−/− mice fed with control chow (Vldlr ^−/− + vehicle) or fenofibrate chow (Vldlr ^−/− + feno). (B) Representative images of immunofluorescence of CTGF (green) in the retinas of the indicated three groups. (C) The immunofluorescent signals of GS and CTGF were merged. (D) Representative images of immunofluorescence of GFAP, a Müller glial activation marker, in the retinas of the indicated three groups. (E,F) The protein expression of GFAP in the eyecups of indicated three groups were determined by Western blot analysis and quantified by densitometry. (G) Real-time RT-PCR was performed to quantify relative retinal mRNA levels of GFAP in the indicated three groups (mean ± SEM; n = 8. *p < 0.05 and ***p < 0.001).