Skip to main content
. 2019 Dec 18;2:100015. doi: 10.1016/j.bioflm.2019.100015

Table 1.

Summarization of the characteristics of the microsystems presented.

Microsystem Type Bacterial Species Detected Detection Method Duration of Experiment Interval between consecutive data points Ref
Sensor-less Microfluidic Systems E. coli Fluorescence 62 ​h 2 ​h [72,78]
Streptococci spp,
F. nucleatum
Fluorescence 7 ​d 1 ​d [80]
E. coli Fluorescence 24 ​h End-point [84]
P. aeruginosa,
E. coli
Fluorescence 72 ​h Real-time [85]
P. aeruginosa Fluorescence 24 ​h End-point [87]
Pseudomonas spp Optical Density 80 ​h Real-time [86]
Shewanella spp ToF-SIMS 6 ​d End-point [83]
S. pseudintermedius Fluorescence 24 ​h End-point [91]
P. aeruginosa Fluorescence 4 ​d End-point [81,82]
C. marina Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy 210 ​min End-point [89]
Optical Systems S. mutans Confocal Reflection Microscopy 72 ​h 12 ​h [98]
E. coli Synchrotron Radiation Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy 10 ​h Real-time [99]
C. albicans,
C. tropicalis,
C. parasilosis
Brillouin Spectroscopy, Raman Spectroscopy 72 ​h End-point [104]
G. sulfurreducens Electrochemical Surface Plasmon Resonance 24 ​h Real-time [100,106]
P. mirabilis Fiber Optic Evanescent Wave Spectroscopy 4 ​h Real-time [103]
R. palustris Fiber Optic Evanescent Wave Spectroscopy 250 ​h 4 ​h [101]
E. coli Optical Density 24 ​h Real-time [102]
Electrochemical Systems S. mutans,
S. aureus,
S. epidermidis
Impedance 24 ​h 1 ​h [115]
S. oneidensis Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy 17 ​h 30 ​min [97]
E. coli, Salmonella Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy 48 ​h 3 ​h [112]
P. aeruginosa,
S. maltophilia
Impedance, Amperometry 12 ​d Real-time [118]
S. aureus Impedance 24 ​h Real-time [119]
E. coli Impedance 24 ​h 12 ​h [128]
S. epidermidis,
S. aureus
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy 20 ​h 30 ​min [129]
P. aeruginosa Impedance 200 ​h Real-time [130]
E. coli Impedance 48 ​h Real-time [124]
E. coli Impedance 48 ​h Real-time [121]
P. stutzeri,
S. epidermidis
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy 2 ​h 5 ​min [136]
S. epidermidis Cyclic Voltammetry, Differential Pulse Voltammetry 65 ​h 15 ​min [122]
P. aeruginosa Square Wave Voltammetry 24 ​h End-point [123]
Mechanical Systems P. aeruginosa Quartz Crystal Microbalance 6 ​d Real-time [142]
S. mutans Quartz Crystal Microbalance- Dissipation 20 ​h Real-time [144]
P. aeruginosa Quartz Crystal Microbalance- Dissipation 1 ​h 5 ​min [145]
S. salivarius Quartz Crystal Microbalance- Dissipation 4 ​h Real-time [146]
S. epidermidis Quartz Crystal Microbalance- Dissipation 140 ​min Real-time [147]
P. aeruginosa Quartz Tuning Fork Resonance 72 ​h Real-time [148,149]
E. coli,
P. aeruginosa
Surface Acoustic Wave 48 ​h Real-time [68,154,155]