Table 2.
Hazard Ratio of Death Based on Covariates, Stratified by Treatment Arm (Tocilizumab Recipients vs Controls)
| Tocilizumab (n = 90), No. (%) | Controls (n = 1669), No. (%) | Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Gender | |||
| Male | 71 (78.9) | 864 (51.8) | 0.319 (0.161 to 0.629) |
| Female | 19 (21.1) | 805 (48.2) | 0.499 (0.142 to 1.753) |
| Age, y | |||
| <55 | 24 (26.7) | 654 (39.2) | 0.146 (0.009 to 2.294) |
| 55–<65 | 24 (26.7) | 310 (18.6) | 0.012 (0.001 to 0.132) |
| ≥65 | 42 (46.7) | 705 (42.2) | 0.395 (0.22 to 0.709) |
| BMI, kg/m2 | |||
| <30.5 | 60 (66.7) | 1029 (61.7) | 0.302 (0.162 to 0.561) |
| ≥30.5 | 30 (33.3) | 640 (38.3) | 0.349 (0.15 to 0.81) |
| CCI | |||
| <5 | 72 (80) | 1310 (78.5) | 0.272 (0.134 to 0.552) |
| ≥5 | 18 (20) | 359 (21.5) | 0.541 (0.189 to 1.546) |
| Vitals | |||
| SpO2/FiO2 ratio | |||
| <100 (severe) | 8 (8.9) | 9 (0.5) | N/A |
| 100–<200 (moderate) | 24 (26.7) | 90 (5.4) | 0.316 (0.121 to 0.822) |
| 200–< 300 (mild) | 24 (26.7) | 191 (11.4) | 0.225 (0.086 to 0.59) |
| ≥300 (non-ARDS) | 34 (37.8) | 1379 (82.6) | 0.321 (0.124 to 0.831) |
| Pulse, beats/min | |||
| <100 | 40 (44.4) | 977 (58.5) | 0.209 (0.08 to 0.547) |
| ≥100 | 50 (55.6) | 692 (41.5) | 0.705 (0.353 to 1.41) |
| Respiratory rate, breaths/min | |||
| <30 | 32 (35.6) | 1310 (78.5) | 0.204 (0.062 to 0.67) |
| ≥30 | 58 (64.4) | 359 (21.5) | 0.376 (0.171 to 0.827) |
| Mean arterial pressure, mmHg | |||
| <60 | 15 (16.7) | 150 (9) | 1.583 (0.631 to 3.974) |
| ≥60 | 75 (83.3) | 1519 (91) | 0.222 (0.117 to 0.424) |
| Temperature, °C | |||
| <38.3 | 47 (52.2) | 1235 (74) | 0.408 (0.214 to 0.779) |
| ≥38.3 | 43 (47.8) | 434 (26) | 0.336 (0.109 to 1.038) |
| Laboratory results | |||
| Albumin, g/dL | |||
| <2.5 | 8 (8.9) | 101 (6.1) | 4.403 (0.723 to 26.82) |
| 2.5–<3 | 23 (25.6) | 222 (13.3) | 0.644 (0.183 to 2.273) |
| ≥3 | 59 (65.6) | 1346 (80.6) | 0.23 (0.113 to 0.466) |
| ALT, U/L | |||
| <30 | 37 (41.1) | 828 (49.6) | 0.45 (0.192 to 1.056) |
| ≥30 | 53 (58.9) | 841 (50.4) | 0.283 (0.122 to 0.653) |
| GFR, mL/min | |||
| <15 | 7 (7.8) | 94 (5.6) | 0.486 (0.019 to 12.41) |
| 15–<30 | 18 (20) | 116 (7) | 1.005 (0.327 to 3.084) |
| 30–<60 | 15 (16.7) | 322 (19.3) | 0.145 (0.045 to 0.466) |
| 60–<90 | 28 (31.1) | 452 (27.1) | 0.125 (0.027 to 0.575) |
| ≥90 | 22 (24.4) | 685 (41) | 0.279 (0.016 to 4.784) |
| CRP, mg/dL | |||
| <16 | 50 (55.6) | 1359 (81.4) | 0.234 (0.087 to 0.627) |
| 16–<27 | 29 (32.2) | 236 (14.1) | 0.597 (0.21 to 1.698) |
| ≥27 | 11 (12.2) | 74 (4.4) | 0.011 (1e-04 to 1.090) |
| D-dimer, mg/L | |||
| <1 | 25 (27.8) | 860 (51.5) | 0.288 (0.086 to 0.958) |
| 1–<2 | 33 (36.7) | 401 (24.0) | 0.302 (0.087 to 1.057) |
| 2–<4 | 9 (10) | 210 (12.6) | 0.251 (0.062 to 1.01) |
| ≥4 | 23 (25.6) | 198 (11.9) | 0.209 (0.052 to 0.838) |
| Ferritin, ng/mL | |||
| <500 | 11 (12.2) | 698 (41.8) | 1.316 (0.47 to 3.681) |
| 500–<800 | 14 (15.6) | 317 (19) | 0.682 (0.15 to 3.087) |
| 800–<2000 | 45 (50) | 477 (28.6) | 0.256 (0.102 to 0.644) |
| ≥2000 | 20 (22.2) | 177 (10.6) | 0.243 (0.063 to 0.941) |
| WBC, ×103/mm3 | |||
| <12 | 78 (86.7) | 1465 (87.8) | 0.42 (0.219 to 0.805) |
| ≥12 | 12 (13.3) | 204 (12.2) | 0.073 (0.011 to 0.486) |
| IL-6, pg/mL | |||
| <55 | 10 (11.1) | 736 (44.1) | 0.898 (0.094 to 8.583) |
| ≥55 | 80 (88.9) | 933 (55.9) | 0.336 (0.178 to 0.635) |
Abbreviations: ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; BMI, body mass index; CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index; IL-6, interleukin-6; SpO2/FiO2, pulse oximetric saturation/fractional inspired oxygen; WBC, white blood cell.