Table 2.

Cardiac Complications Caused by Chloroquine or Hydroxychloroquine (Adapted From Chatre et al⁹)

Measure	Change
Electrocardiogram	Atrioventricular block (first, second, or third degree)   Sick sinus syndrome
	Right and/or left bundle-branch block
	Ischemic changes or myocardial infarction
	Quinidine-like effect
Echocardiogram	Valvular regurgitation (mitral, aortic, or tricuspid)   Right heart failure or pulmonary artery wall hypertrophy
	Left ventricular hypertrophy, biventricular hypertrophy, restrictive cardiomyopathy
	Ventricular hypokinesia
	Diastolic dysfunction
	Decreased left ventricular ejection fraction
	Valvular regurgitation (mitral, aortic, or tricuspid)