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. 2021 Jan 11;16(1):e0245066. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245066

Table 6. Time management and wellbeing.

Variable k N r 95% CI Q(df) τ2 τ2(SE) I2
Overall wellbeing 30 9,905 0.313*** 0.244–0.380 395.83 (29) 0.040 0.014 92.67
    Job satisfaction 11 2,856 0.248*** 0.189–0.305 24.21 (10) 0.006 0.005 58.70
    Life satisfaction 9 2,855 0.426*** 0.273–0.558 175.86 (8) 0.068 0.038 95.45
    Mental health (positive) 2 473 0.556*** 0.349–0.711 7.56 (1) 0.031 0.051 86.77
    Optimism 2 330 0.305** 0.108–0.479 3.44 (1) 0.016 0.032 70.94
    Physical health (positive) 2 567 0.293 -0.002–0.542 13.07 (1) 0.045 0.068 92.35
    Positive affect 5 2,725 0.280*** 0.186–0.368 18.73 (4) 0.010 0.010 78.65
    Self-actualization 1 336 0.280*** 0.178–0.376 - - - -
    Sense of purpose 1 529 0.351*** 0.274–0.424 - - - -
    Wellbeing 5 1,447 0.219** 0.092–0.338 22.86 (4) 0.018 0.016 82.50

* p < .05

** p < .01

*** p < .001.

k = number of studies related to the variable | N = total sample size related to the variable.

r = effect size of the correlation between time management and the variable | 95% CI = confidence interval of the effect size.

Q = Cochran’s Q, a measure of between-study heterogeneity | τ2 = measure of between-study variance | I2 = alternative measure of between-study heterogeneity.