Table 1.
Characteristics of Patients With CS During the COVID-19 Pandemic Compared With the Previous Year
| March 1 toJune 30, 2020 | March 1 to June 30, 2019 | p Value (2020 vs. 2019) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| COVID-19 patients hospitalized | 1,468 | 0 | N/A |
| Number of CS team activations | 67 | 93 | N/A |
| Declined for transfer to IHVI | 28 (42) | 10 (11) | <0.001 |
| In-hospital survival | 12∗ (46) | 6 (60) | 0.46 |
| Treated at IHVI | 39 (58) | 83 (89) | <0.001 |
| In-hospital survival | 26 (67) | 59 (71) | 0.62 |
| CS phenotype | |||
| AMI-CS | 16 (41) | 40 (48) | — |
| ADHF-CS | 23 (59) | 43 (52) | 0.46 |
| Median lactate, mmol/l | 5.6 (2.5–8.9) | 2.3 (1.6–5.0) | <0.001 |
| SCAI shock scores | — | ||
| Stage A | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | — |
| Stage B | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | — |
| Stage C | 14 (36) | 45 (54) | — |
| Stage D | 17 (44) | 24 (29) | — |
| Stage E | 8 (20) | 14 (17) | 0.03 |
| Cardiac arrest at presentation | 17 (44) | 25 (30) | 0.14 |
| MCS use | 20 (51) | 34 (41) | 0.28 |
Values are n, n (%), or n (interquartile range).
ADHF-CS = acute decompensated heart failure complicated by cardiogenic shock; AMI-CS = acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock; COVID-19 = coronavirus disease 2019; CS = cardiogenic shock; IHVI = Inova Heart and Vascular Institute; MCS = mechanical circulatory support; N/A = not applicable; SCAI = Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Intervention.
∗
Final disposition was undetermined for 2 of the 28 patients declined for transfer; therefore, the denominator was 26.