Table 2. Review of the literatures of primary spinal primitive neuroectodermal tumor.
| Author | Date of publication | Patient information (gender, age/yr.) | Spinal segment | Location | Extent of resection | Adjuvant therapy | Follow-up | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wang G et al.1 | 2017 Dec | M, 26 | Lumbar | Intramedullary | GTR | Radiotherapy & Chemotherapy (TMZ) after the 2nd operation | Recurrence 9 months later, received 2nd surgery and adjuvant therapy. PFS for 5 more months. | — |
| Sharma P et al.2 | 2016 Apr-Jun | M, 11 | Cervical | Intramedullary | Near total removal | No details. | No details. | — |
| Harbhajanka A et al.3 | 2012 Jan | F, 18 | Thoracic-Lumbar | Intramedullary | Tumor decompression | Awaiting chemoradiotherapy. | Awaiting adjuvant therapy. | — |
| Alexiou GA et al.4 | 2013 Feb | F, 0 (2 months) | Cervical-Thoracic | Intramedullary | Radical resection (some small tumor remnants left) + VP-shunt | Chemotherapy (Head Start II protocol).*1 | No recurrence 9 months later. | Hydrocephalus since 33 weeks’ gestation. |
| Coumans JV et al.5 | 2012 Jan | M, 26 | Cervical-Thoracic | Intramedullary | GTR | Radiotherapy and chemotherapy (back-bone regimen).*2 | PFS after adjuvant therapy. | — |
| Mulholland CB et al.6 | 2011 Oct | M, 27 | Cervical | Intramedullary | 80% resected | Chemotherapy. | Died 3 months later. | Associated with NF1. |
| Fujisawa H et al.7 | 2011 Feb | M, 65 | Cervical-Thoracic | Intramedullary | Partial resection | Radiotherapy.*3 | Survive 6 months later. | 20 years after pineal tumor and hydrocephalus. |
| Tsutsumi S et al.8 | 2010 Apr | M, 39 | Thoracic-Lumbar | Intramedullary | Incomplete resection | Radioatherapy.*4 | Died 11 months later. | — |
| Otero-Rodríguez A et al.9 | 2009 Aug | M, 1 (17 months) | Thoracic | Intramedullary | Near total removal | Chemotherapy. | Recurrence 6 months later. | — |
| Kumar R et al.10* | 2007 | -, 8 | Thoracic | Intramedullary | Not available | Not available. | Not available. | — |
| -, 9 | Holocord | — | Not available | Not available. | Not available. | — | ||
| -, 18 | Cervical | Extramedullary | Not available | Not available. | Not available. | — | ||
| Jain A et al.11 | 2006 Jun | F, 54 | Cervical | Intramedullary | Partial excision | Radiotherapy. | Awaiting chemotherapy. | — |
| De Tommasi A et al.12 | 2006 Mar | M, 38 | Thoracic | Intramedullary | Biopsy | Chemotherapy.*5 | Died 18 months later. | — |
| Chen YC et al.13 | 2005 Aug | F, 19 | Cervical-Thoracic | Intramedullary | Biopsy | Chemotherapy & radiotherapy. *6 | Died 9 months later. | Concomitant pregnancy & IH. |
| Albrecht CF et al.14* | 2003 Jan | F, 29 | Thoracic | Intramedullary | No details (multifocal) | Radiotherapy and chemotherapy.*7 | Died 17 months later. | — |
| F, 49 | Lumbar | Extramedullary | GTR | Radiotherapy and chemotherapy.*7 | Died 23 months later. | — | ||
| Mawrin C et al.15 | 2002 Jan | M, 69 | Thoracic | Intramedullary | Partial removal | Radiotherapy. *8 | Died 12 weeks later. | — |
| Meltzer CC et al.16 | 1998 Jul | M, 30 | Cervical-Conus medullaris. | Intramedullary | No details | Radiotherapy and chemotherapy.*9 | Died 1 year later. | FDG PET investigation in a recurrent case. |
| Deme S et al.17* | 1997 Dec | F, 22 | Thoracic-Lumbar | Intramedullary | GTR | Radiotherapy and chemotherapy. | Recurrence 10 weeks later. | — |
| Kwon OK et al.18* | 1996 Oct | F, 0 (3 months) | Thoracic | Intramedullary | Biopsy | Chemotherapy. | Died 21 days later. | With intracranial seeding. |
| Brunberg JA et al.19 | 1991 Nov | Pediatric | — | Intramedullary | No details | No details. | No details. | MR and sonography studies in 11 pediatric intramedullary lesions, including one PNET case. |
| Ogasawara H et al.20* | 1992 Apr | - | — | Intramedullary | Not available | Radiotherapy and chemotherapy. | Not available | With intracranial seeding. |
| Freyer DR et al.21* | 1989 | Pediatric | — | Intramedullary | Not available | Not available. | Not available. | — |
| Eghbal K et al.22 | 2017 Mar 9 | F, 38 | Lumbar | Extramedullary | Total resection | No details. | Survive 6 months later. | — |
| Rege SV et al.23 | 2016 Oct-Dec | F, 8 | Thoracic | Extramedullary | Complete excision | Radiotherapy. *10 | Survive after adjuvant therapy. | — |
| Meng XT et al.24 | 2015 Apr | F, 60 | Lumbar | Extramedullary | Complete removal | Radiotherapy. *11 | Recurrence 4 months later, died 8 months later. | — |
| Chan SH et al.25 | 2015 Feb | M, 7 | Lumbar-Sacral | Extramedullary | Biopsy (twice) | Chemotherapy & radiotherapy. | Died 2.5 years later. | — |
| Venkataraman S et al.26 | 2013 Apr | F, 19 | Thoracic-Lumbar | Extramedullary | GTR | Chemotherapy. | Awaiting chemotherapy. | — |
| Hung PC et al.27 | 2007 Oct | F, 16 | Thoracic-Lumbar | Extramedullary | No details | Chemotherapy & local radiotherapy. | No details. | — |
| Nutman A et al.28* | 2007 Jan-Feb | F, 19 | Thoracic-Lumbar | Extramedullary | No details | Radiotherapy (entire cranio-spinal axis irradiation) & chemotherapy with autologous stem cell rescue. | PFS 24 months later. | — |
| Aydin MV et al.29 | 2004 Oct | M, 16 | Thoracic | Extramedullary | Totally excision | Radiotherapy and chemotherapy.*12 | PFS 7 months later. | — |
| Fabre E et al.30 | 2006 Jul | M, 70 | Cauda equina | Extramedullary | Partial resection | Radiotherapy and chemotherapy.*13 | Survive 1 year later. | — |
| Isotalo PA et al.31 | 2000 Aug | M, 52 | Cauda equina | Extramedullary | Debulking | Radiotherapy. *14 | PFS 1 year later. | — |
| Akai T et al.32 | 1998 Aug | M, 4 | Thoracic | Extramedullary | GTR | Radiotherapy and chemotherapy.*15 | PFS 6 years 4 months later. | — |
| Papadatos D et al.33 | 1998 Apr | F, 22 | Thoracic | Extramedullary | Debulking | Radiotherapy and chemotherapy.*16 | PFS 1 year later. | — |
yr., years old; -, details not available due to no full text available; GTR, gross total resection; TMZ, temozolomide; PFS, progression-free survival; NF1, neurofibromatosis type I; IH, intracranial hypertension.
*No full text available.
*1–*16 Refer to supplement table 1 for details of available adjuvant therapy.