Table 4.

Summary of current COVID-19 experimental therapies and adverse cardiovascular drug interactions^∗

Experimental therapy	Cardiovascular drug classes
	Antiarrhythmic agents	Anticoagulant, antiplatelet, fibrinolytic agents	Beta-blockers	Calcium- channel blockers	Hypertension/heart failure agents	Inotropes and vasopressors	Lipid-lowering agents
Atazanavir	Amiodarone Bepridil Disopyramide Dofetilide Flecainide Quinidine	Apixaban Clopidogrel Dabigatran Rivaroxaban Ticagrelor	Potential interaction	Potential interaction	Aliskiren Eplerenone Ivabradine Lercanidipine Ranolazine Bosentan Sildenafil	NC	Lovastatin Simvastatin
Chloroquine	Amiodarone Bepridil Disopyramide Dofetilide Flecainide Mexiletine Quinidine	Potential interaction	Potential interaction	Potential interaction	Ivabradine	NC	NC
Dexamethasone	Potential interaction	Potential interaction	NC	NC	Potential interaction	NC	NC
Favipiravir	NC	NC	NC	NC	Potential interaction	NC	NC
Hydroxychloroquine	Amiodarone Bepridil Disopyramide Dofetilide Flecainide Mexiletine Quinidine	Potential interaction	Potential interaction	Potential interaction	Ivabradine	NC	NC
Interferon beta	NC	NC	NC	NC	NC	NC	NC
Lopinavir-ritonavir	Amiodarone Bepridil Disopyramide Dofetilide Flecainide Quinidine	Apixaban Clopidogrel Rivaroxaban Ticagrelor	Potential interaction	Potential interaction	Aliskiren Eplerenone Ivabradine Lercanidipine Ranolazine Sildenafil	NC	Lovastatin Simvastatin
Remdesivir	NC	NC	NC	NC	Potential interaction	NC	NC
Ribavirin	NC	Potential interaction	NC	NC	NC	NC	NC

COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; NC, no clinically significant interaction.

^∗All information was adapted from the Liverpool Drug Interactions Group (July 13, 2020 version).⁷⁸ Only drugs with strong recommendations against being coadministered were listed; however, classes with listed drugs could also have potential interactions. “Potential interaction” was used to report drug classes in which at least one drug interaction was expected to require a dose adjustment or additional monitoring. Potential interactions of weak intensity were considered similar to NC. For complete information, visit: Detailed recommendations for interactions with experimental COVID-19 antiviral therapies, July 13, 2020, University of Liverpool, available at www.covid19-druginteractions.org, accessed July 21, 2020.