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. 2021 Feb 1;12(1):42–49. doi: 10.14336/AD.2020.1112

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copyright: © 2021 Moraes et al.

this is an open access article distributed under the terms of the creative commons attribution license, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properly attributed.

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Figure 1. — Lung gene expression of TRIB3, which is translated into a protein that potentially interacts with SARS-CoV-2 proteins, decreases in male individuals during aging. (A) Heatmap of mean TMM (Trimmed Mean of M-values) expression of males found as differentially expressed (DEGs; mean expression) in, at least, one age-group when compared to young adults (20-29 yo). These DEGs were found with males and females pooled. Rows were clustered using Euclidian distance. Clusters A and C contain genes that increase or decrease with age, respectively. TRIB3, HAPLN2, and the top 5 DEGs found in each age range are highlighted. (B) Venn diagram of DEGs during aging shared with the corresponding proteins that potentially interact with SARS-CoV-2 (arrows). Boxplots of gene expression levels (TMM) of separated or pooled sexes (C and E). Boxplot detailing the expression of genes that are well-recognized biomarkers of cellular division and senescence CDKN2A and MKI67 in the lung (D). * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.001, and # P < 0.0001: statistical significance vs. young adults from GTEx v8 for Dunn’s test (males: 20-29 yo (n = 20), 30-39 yo (n = 27), 40-49 yo (n = 53), 50-59 yo (n = 135), 60-69 yo (n = 103), 70-79 yo (n = 11); females: 20-29 yo (n = 13), 30-39 yo (n = 9), 40-49 yo (n = 29), 50-59 yo (n = 52), 60-69 yo (n = 59), 70-79 yo (n = 4).