Table 1.

Survey variable results for Benin City.

Variable	Category	2009a (%)	2019 (%)	$x^2$
Gender	Male	72.90	58.30	0.003***
	Female	27.10	41.70
Age	≤ 20	0.00	6.70	0.001***
	21–35	29.63	33.30
	36–45	29.07	22.50
	46–55	27.80	29.20
	≥ 56	13.50	8.30
Primary occupation	Traders	21.20	33.30	0.01**
	Farmer/fisherman	6.38	4.20
	Civil servant	15.08	25.00
	Private professional	19.05	25.00
	Otherb	38.29	12.5
Education level	GCE/SSCE/WAEC	12.78	12.50	0.045*
	NCE/ND	30.55	29.20
Awareness of GHG emissions effect on MSW	Not aware	Not available	51.70	0.001***
	Aware	Not available	48.3

GCE General Certificate of Education, SSCE Senior Secondary Certificate Examination, WAEC West African Examination Council, NCE National Certificate of Education, ND National Diploma.

^aData sourced from Ekhaese et al.³⁵; significance level of each variable: *p = 0.1, **p = 0.05, **p = 0.01.

^bOther = students, retired persons, and unemployed.