Table 1.
Characteristics of HBsAg-positive people
| Studies available (N=162) |
Number of HBsAg-positive participants in individual studies (N=162) |
Age in individual studies (n=89) |
Proportion of females in individual studies (n=154) |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | Median (IQR) | Range | Total | Mean (SD) | Median (IQR) | Range | Mean (SD) | Range | ||
| Year of publication | ||||||||||
| 2007–11 | 50 (31%) | 728 (1075) | 285 (114–1106) | 25–4405 | 36 408 | 40·6 (7·4) | 40·2 (35·7–46·3) | 26–55 | 34·6 (19·3) | 0–100 |
| 2012–18 | 112 (69%) | 1094 (2473) | 261 (134–841) | 21–13 979 | 109 381 | 41·3 (9·3) | 41·0 (34·5–48·4) | 23–69 | 43·6 (23·0) | 0–100 |
| Recruitment setting | ||||||||||
| Outpatient clinic | 54 (31%) | 720 (1719) | 295 (143–576) | 50–12 016 | 31 568 | 40·3 (6·8) | 40·0 (35·3–45·0) | 29–56 | 35·2 (17·6) | 0–100 |
| Inpatients | 68 (39%) | 757 (1719) | 282 (139–691) | 25–13 210 | 47 709 | 41·0 (9·1) | 40·7 (34·0–48·0) | 26–69 | 43·1 (22·7) | 13–100 |
| Population-based* | 11 (6%) | 1433 (2423) | 400 (168–1542) | 34–8875 | 15 760 | 44·9 (3·2) | 45·0 (41·3–48·4) | 40–49 | 54·1 (18·0) | 34–100 |
| Community† | 21 (12%) | 2146 (3487) | 382 (139–2682) | 21–13 979 | 42 928 | 49·3 (7·5) | 50·2 (45·0–55·2) | 37–64 | 48·5 (14·1) | 34–100 |
| Special groups‡ | 20 (12%) | 455 (924) | 156 (90– 811) | 64–2903 | 9106 | 33·5 (7·8) | 29·2 (28·4–39·8) | 26–52 | 54·0 (34·7) | 0–100 |
| WHO region | ||||||||||
| Americas | 34 (12%) | 899 (2085) | 185 (144–610) | 40–12 016 | 27 872 | 41·4 (5·0) | 40·7 (38·0–45·4) | 31–49 | 42·3 (21·7) | 13–100 |
| African | 46 (17%) | 852 (1840) | 387 (146–756) | 75–12 016 | 34 114 | 37·5 (8·0) | 36·4 (31·0–41·9) | 25–56 | 44·0 (27·5) | 0–100 |
| Eastern Mediterranean | 33 (12%) | 359 (709) | 220 (114–473) | 21–2078 | 11 125 | 37·8 (6·0) | 36·9 (34·0–41·1) | 23–50 | 34·6 (15·7) | 13–100 |
| European | 51 (19%) | 775 (1878) | 291 (135–675) | 21–13 210 | 35 806 | 42·6 (7·7) | 42·0 (38·0–48·0) | 26–57 | 40·6 (20·8) | 0–100 |
| Southeast Asia | 40 (15%) | 610 (704) | 399 (170–691) | 64–3760 | 19 434 | 40·8 (9·0) | 41·0 (31·9–47·0) | 26–56 | 39·0 (21·9) | 0–100 |
| Western Pacific | 72 (26%) | 1425 (2580) | 476 (226–1394) | 21–13 979 | 98 360 | 43·7 (9·6) | 44·0 (38·2–49·1) | 26–68 | 46·0 (22·1) | 0–100 |
| Design§ | ||||||||||
| Cohort | 51 (31%) | 1062 (1857) | 441 (167–1200) | 59–12 016 | 48 875 | 42·4 (9·5) | 41·0 (36·8–45·5) | 27–69 | 44·3 (21·5) | 0–100 |
| Case control | 3 (2%) | 523 (497) | 289 (NA) | 65–1215 | 1569 | 33·8 (NA) | 32·8 (NA) | 33–33 | 27·0 (7·3) | 17–32 |
| Cross-sectional | 107 (67%) | 964 (2295) | 239 (111–602) | 21–13 979 | 95 160 | 40·7 (8·3) | 40·4 (34·8–48·9) | 23–57 | 42·8 (23·2) | 0–100 |
| Data collection¶ | ||||||||||
| Prospective | 88 (55%) | 849 (1397) | 300 (112–1139) | 21–8875 | 66 585 | 41·7 (8·9) | 41·0 (35·5–48·9) | 25–64 | 43·0 (24·1) | 0–100 |
| Retrospective | 44 (27%) | 1244 (2725) | 356 (180–655) | 93–13 210 | 49 772 | 40·5 (7·1) | 40·0 (35·5–45·9) | 26–56 | 42·6 (19·7) | 5–100 |
| Cross-sectional | 29 (18%) | 1012 (2861) | 170 (94–406) | 34–13 979 | 29 346 | 40·4 (10·8) | 40·4 (32·8–48·0) | 23–69 | 38·3 (21·8) | 0–100 |
| Overall | 162 (100%) | 972 (2141) | 285 (123–818) | 21–13 979 | 145 789 | 41·0 (8·8) | 41·0 (34·6–47·0) | 23–69 | 41·9 (22·5) | 0–100 |
Data are n (%), mean (SD), or median (IQR), unless stated otherwise. HBV=hepatitis B virus. NA=not applicable.
*
Studies of individuals not seeking care sampled using statistically representative methods.
†
Studies of individuals not seeking care, but recruited without statistically representative methods.
‡
For example, injection drug users and men who have sex with men.
§
Design of the study from which was extracted information on a population of people with HBV infection. Total exceeds the number of studies because some studies fit more than one category.
¶
One study with missing information on data collection procedure.