Table 3.
HBV replication and abnormal ALT status in HBsAg-positive people
| Proportion of people with HBeAg (n=122) |
HBV DNA |
Abnormal ALT* |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proportion of people with >2000 IU/mL (n=41) | Proportion of people with >20 000 IU/mL (n=20) | Proportion of people with ALT>ULN (n=80) | Proportion of people with ALT >2 times ULN (n=18) | ||
| Year of publication | |||||
| 2007–11 (n=50) | 20·4% (19·9–21·3) | 43·2% (41·8–44·5) | 30·0% (17·3–42·7) | 35·6% (34·9–36·2) | 26·0% (24·5–27·5) |
| 2012–18 (n=112) | 16·2% (15·9–16·5) | 25·8% (25·3–26·3) | 10·0% (9·5–10·4) | 28·9% (28·5–29·3) | 8·3% (7·9–8·7) |
| Recruitment setting | |||||
| Outpatient clinic (n=54) | 18·7% (18·2–20·2) | 18·7% (18·1–19·4) | 9·3% (8·8–9·8) | 36·9% (36·3–37·5) | 10·1% (9·7–10·6) |
| Inpatients (n=68) | 21·4% (20·9–21·7) | 35·2% (33·8–36·5) | 22·7% (20·9–24·5) | 45·4% (44·6–46·2) | 10·3% (9·4–11·2) |
| Population-based (n=11)† | 19·3% (18·5–20·0) | 6·5% (5·1–7·9) | .. | 28·9% (28·2–29·6) | 6·9% (3·7–10·0) |
| Community (n=21)‡ | 13·5% (13·0–13·9) | 41·1% (40·2–41·9) | 21·0% (18·1–23·9) | 29·2% (28·4–30·1) | 7·6% (5·3–9·9) |
| Special populations (n=20) | 16·8% (15·9–17·8) | 14·5% (13·4–15·7) | 13·7% (12·0–15·4) | 16·0% (15·1–16·9) | 8·3% (4·9–11·7) |
| WHO region | |||||
| Americas (n=34) | 12·8% (12·3–13·1) | 12·9% (12·4–13·5) | 6·4% (6·0–6·9) | 34·7% (34·0–35,5) | 6·4% (6·0–6·9) |
| African (n=46) | 12·2% (11·8–12·6) | 14·9% (14·3–15·4) | 8·2% (7·7–8·6) | 32·7% (32·0–33·3) | 7·1% (6·7–7·5) |
| Eastern Mediterranean (n=33) | 15·1% (14·3–15·8) | 22·1% (19·4–24·8) | 21·3% (18·1–24·4) | 33·6% (32·3–35·0) | 7·6% (5·8–9·4) |
| European (n=51) | 13·7% (13·3–14·0) | 31·4% (29·6–33·2) | 13·3% (11·5–15·1) | 54·9% (54·0–55·9) | 13·3% (12·3–14·4) |
| Southeast Asia (n=40) | 18·2% (17·7–18·6) | 14·5% (12·7–16·2) | 29·2% (24·7–33·7) | 53·6% (52·5–54·7) | 15·6% (14·5–16·8) |
| Western Pacific (n=72) | 19·6% (19·1–19·9) | 24·8% (24·3–25·4) | 6·6% (6·2–7·0) | 30·7% (30·4–31·1) | 10·7% (10·2–11·2) |
| Overall (N=162) | 17·7% (17·5–17·9) | 28·2% (27·7–28·7) | 10·1% (9·6–10·5) | 30·8% (30·5–31·2) | 11·0% (10·6–11·4) |
Data are % (95% CI). HBV=hepatitis B virus. ALT=alanine aminotransferase. ULN=upper limit of normal.
*
ALT levels were defined as abnormal using the criteria of the individual studies and their laboratories.
†
Studies of individuals not seeking care sampled using statistically representative methods.
‡
Studies of individuals not seeking care, but recruited without statistically representative methods.